沙漠与绿洲气象2026，Vol.20Issue(3)：31-41,11.DOI:10.12057/j.issn.2097-6801.2508.13344
沙尘颗粒物沉积对光伏发电影响和应对技术综述与展望
Impacts of Dust Particle Deposition on Photovoltaic Power Generation and Mitigation Technologies:A Review and Future Perspectives
摘要
Abstract
Dust particle deposition has become a key factor limiting photovoltaic(PV)power generation efficiency in arid regions worldwide.This review synthesizes research from the past decade to systematically analyze the impacts of dust deposition on PV module transmittance,thermal dissipation,and electrical characteristics from physical,chemical,and environmental perspectives.The mechanisms by which deposition contributes to efficiency reduction,material aging,and lifespan reduction are highlighted.A multi-factor coupling analysis reveals that dust deposition not only diminishes light absorption via shading and scattering but also induces surface abrasion and chemical corrosion,thereby accelerating performance degradation.Economically,power loss coupled with heightened cleaning and maintenance costs substantially compromises the lifecycle revenue of PV systems.Various mitigation technologies have been developed,encompassing natural,manual,automated,and intelligent cleaning methods,among which electrodynamic screens,self-cleaning coatings,and AI-driven autonomous systems show particular promise.However,gaps remain in understanding multi-scale coupling mechanisms,regional variability,long-term reliability,and intelligent cleaning strategies.Future research should prioritize elucidating dust-module interfacial dynamics,cross-regional degradation patterns,and developing low-consumption,high-efficiency cleaning technologies to enhance the efficiency and sustainability of PV systems in dusty environments.关键词
沙尘侵蚀/光伏衰减/粒径效应/光热耦合/自清洁技术/可持续运维Key words
dust erosion/photovoltaic performance degradation/particle size effect/photothermal coupling/self-cleaning technologies/sustainable operation and maintenance分类
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木卡达司∙哈扎提,王豫,买买提艾力∙买买提依明,刘军建,麦麦提吐尔逊∙艾则孜,张冠峰,阿吉古丽∙沙依提..沙尘颗粒物沉积对光伏发电影响和应对技术综述与展望[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2026,20(3):31-41,11.基金项目
中国气象局气象能力提升联合研究专项(24NLTSZ006) （24NLTSZ006）
2024年伊吾县节能减排降碳专项资金项目(YW202407) （YW202407）
新疆维吾尔自治区"天池英才"引进计划(2024-35) （2024-35）
