地质与勘探2026，Vol.62Issue(3)：443-458,16.DOI:10.12134/j.dzykt.2026.03.001
中国磷矿成矿规律与高效勘查技术组合
Metallogenic Regularity of Phosphate Deposits in China and the Efficient Exploration Techniques
摘要
Abstract
China is the world's second-largest holder of phosphate rock resources and also a major consumer.Phosphate plays an irreplaceable role in both national food security and the development of new energy industries.Therefore,there is an urgent need to strengthen exploration and evaluation efforts for phosphate resources.Research on metallogenic regularities and the establishment of an efficient exploration technology system are essential for achieving breakthroughs in phosphate prospecting.Based on previous studies,this work systematically summarized the genetic types,metallogenic mechanisms,and spatiotemporal distribution patterns of phosphate deposits in China.It also reviewed and synthesized efficient exploration techniques and their application examples tailored to different types of phosphate deposits.Research indicates that China is endowed with abundant phosphate resources,characterized by large reserves and concentrated distribution.These deposits can be classified into three genetic types:magmatic,sedimentary,and metamorphic.Magmatic-type phosphate deposits are mainly distributed in the northeastern North China Craton and the northeastern margin of the Tarim Basin,with their metallogenic epoch predominantly spanning the Triassic to Cretaceous.Sedimentary-type phosphate deposits are widely distributed in the central and western Yangtze Craton,primarily formed during the Sinian,Cambrian,and Devonian periods.Metamorphic-type phosphate deposits are mainly hosted within the Tongbai-Dabie metallogenic belt and the Sulu metallogenic belt in the North China Craton,with formation ages primarily in the Proterozoic and Archean.Currently,phosphate exploration relies predominantly on geophysical methods,supplemented by geochemical techniques.For magmatic-type deposits,a combination of remote sensing structural interpretation,spectral measurement,magnetic and electrical methods is recommended,with attention to anomalies of F,U,Th,and rare earth elements.For sedimentary-type deposits,exploration should integrate lithofacies and paleogeographic studies with audio-frequency magnetotelluric(AMT)methods and gamma-ray logging,supplemented by analysis of anomalies in elements such as V,Mn,Sr,and Ba.For metamorphic-type deposits,a combination of gravity,aeromagnetic,and AMT methods is advisable,coupled with comprehensive delineation based on anomalies of Fe,P,Ti,and V.Future phosphate exploration should adhere to the principle of prioritizing geological research,selecting efficient technical combinations based on deposit types and specific geological conditions,while also advancing the development and application of new rapid exploration technologies to achieve significant breakthroughs in prospecting deep-seated and covered phosphate deposits.关键词
磷矿/成因类型/成矿规律/时空分布/勘查技术/找矿突破/成矿机制Key words
phosphate deposit/genetic types/metallogenic regularity/spatiotemporal distribution/exploration techniques/prospecting breakthrough/ore-forming mechanism分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
孙盼飞,李永胜,徐劲驰,李鑫杰,姚晓峰,孙海瑞..中国磷矿成矿规律与高效勘查技术组合[J].地质与勘探,2026,62(3):443-458,16.基金项目
自然资源部部省合作试点项目(编号:2023ZRBSHZ059)和科技部科技基础资源调查专项(编号:2002FY101701)联合资助. （编号:2023ZRBSHZ059）
