电工技术学报2026，Vol.41Issue(12)：4097-4114,18.DOI:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.251133
大功率三电平有源中点钳位牵引逆变器优化异步空间矢量脉宽调制策略
Improved Asynchronized Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation Strategy for High-Power Three-Level Active Neutral Point Clamped Traction Inverter
摘要
Abstract
Under high carrier ratio(Cr)conditions,asynchronized modulation is used by the high-power three-level active neutral point clamped(3L-ANPC)traction inverter.In the low modulation ratio region,the output voltage harmonics and amplitude deviations caused by the inverter's nonlinearities are pronounced.As motor speed increases,the inverter modulation ratio gradually increases.To fully utilize the DC bus voltage,the inverter will enter the overmodulation region.To improve harmonic characteristics and dynamic performance,it is necessary to optimize the low-modulation-ratio and overmodulation regions.This paper proposes a three-level phase-voltage spectrum analysis method for nonlinear characteristics and a nonlinear compensation strategy based on an improved extended state observer(ESO)for the low modulation-ratio region.To expand the modulation range,a simplified dual-mode overmodulation strategy is proposed. First,nonlinear compensation of the inverter is applied in the low modulation ratio region.The ASVM-L strategy with zero-vector initiation is employed to avoid narrow phase-voltage pulses.The nonlinearity of the inverter is equivalent to a dead time.Nonlinearities introduce characteristic harmonics into the phase current using the double Fourier transform.Accordingly,a nonlinear compensation strategy for an improved ESO is proposed to compensate for DC and AC disturbances caused by inverter nonlinearity via the integral and resonance links,respectively.Secondly,to expand the inverter's modulation range,a simplified dual-mode overmodulation strategy is proposed.The vector synthesis method and modulation-ratio interval for each overmodulation region are provided,making implementation straightforward without requiring table lookups or linear fitting.Finally,a smooth switching method for the full modulation-ratio range is presented,and all switching conditions are summarized.The phase-voltage two-level jump can be avoided if the switching occurs during the carrier-countdown period. Experiments verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.In the low modulation ratio region(modulation ratio＜0.35),the ASVM-L strategy can broaden the pulse width and reduce the current THD.In the linear modulation region with modulation ratios greater than 0.35,the ASVM-H strategy with small-vector initiation is adopted to improve harmonic performance.Using the ASVM-OV1 and ASVM-OV2 strategies,the fundamental voltage amplitude can be further increased subject to voltage constraints.When the DC bus voltage is 200 V,the fundamental voltage can reach 120.68 V and 127.62 V,respectively.In the double closed-loop experiment of the motor,after adopting the proposed nonlinear compensation strategy,the phase current THD is reduced from 15.58%to 1.32%,the amplitude of the 5th harmonic current is reduced from 6.4 A to 0.31 A,and the amplitude of the 7th harmonic current is reduced from 1.17 A to 0.22 A. The conclusions are summarized as follows.(1)The effects of nonlinear characteristics,such as inverter dead time,tube voltage drop,and turn-on and turn-off delay,are analyzed,and a nonlinear compensation strategy for improved ESO is proposed.Under variable-frequency conditions,the dynamic response of the motor current and the suppression of current harmonics can be improved.Based on the modulation ratio and the fundamental phase angle,the ASVM-OV1 and ASVM-OV2 overmodulation strategies for one-and two-region cases can be implemented,thereby reducing algorithmic complexity.The actual inverter modulation ratio can be increased by up to 10.26%.关键词
三电平有源中点钳位(ANPC)逆变器/异步空间矢量脉宽调制(SVPWM)/逆变器非线性补偿/过调制策略/平滑切换Key words
Three-level active neutral point clamped(3L-ANPC)inverter/asynchronized space vector pulse width modulation(SVPWM)/inverter nonlinear compensation/overmodulation strategy/smooth switching分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
赵牧天,葛琼璇,赵鲁,朱进权,陈炜鑫..大功率三电平有源中点钳位牵引逆变器优化异步空间矢量脉宽调制策略[J].电工技术学报,2026,41(12):4097-4114,18.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2023YFB4302501-02)和国家自然科学基金(52302458)资助项目. （2023YFB4302501-02）
