中国普通外科杂志2026，Vol.35Issue(4)：684-695,12.DOI:10.7659/j.issn.1005-6947.260028
肠菌移植:从经验治疗迈向精准规范化时代
Fecal microbiota transplantation:from empirical therapy to the era of precision and standardized medicine
摘要
Abstract
Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT),as an important biological strategy for reconstructing intestinal microecology,has evolved from an empirical therapy for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection to a promising intervention for a wide range of intestinal and extraintestinal diseases,including inflammatory bowel disease,functional gastrointestinal disorders,chronic liver diseases,and neuropsychiatric disorders.FMT is currently transitioning toward an era of precision,standardization,and mechanism-oriented microecological therapy.Based on major advances in FMT research over the past decade and the extensive clinical experience of our team,this review systematically summarizes the developmental trajectory of FMT from"empirical treatment-standardized practice-precision intervention".Key issues and challenges are discussed,including donor screening and quality control,gut microbiome detection,donor-recipient matching,optimization of treatment timing and therapeutic courses,selection of transplantation routes,establishment of efficacy evaluation systems,and long-term follow-up management.In addition,recent progress in emerging fields such as the gut-organ axis,live biotherapeutic products,and bacteriophage therapy is highlighted.Future development of FMT will increasingly rely on multi-omics technologies,artificial intelligence-assisted matching strategies,and functional microbiota analysis,thereby promoting the transformation of FMT from an empirical intervention into a precise,controllable,and reproducible microecological therapeutic modality.关键词
粪便微生物群移植/精准医学/胃肠道微生物组Key words
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation/Precision Medicine/Gastrointestinal Microbiome分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
范俊杰,王新军,黄龙,秦环龙..肠菌移植:从经验治疗迈向精准规范化时代[J].中国普通外科杂志,2026,35(4):684-695,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(82300753) （82300753）
江苏省前沿技术(卫生健康领域)计划基金资助项目(BF2025637) （卫生健康领域）
国家重点研发计划基金资助项目(2024YFA1307101) （2024YFA1307101）
南京医科大学姑苏学院肠道菌群专项基金资助项目(GSKY20250802,GSKY20250807) （GSKY20250802,GSKY20250807）
南京医科大学姑苏学院博士科研启动基金资助项目(Szslyyrc202601036). （Szslyyrc202601036）
