农学学报2026，Vol.16Issue(5)：18-25,8.
采收期对青花椒产量与品质的影响
Effects of Harvesting Period on Yield and Quality of Zanthoxylum armatum var.Novemfolius
摘要
Abstract
This paper aimed to seek the suitable harvesting period for different uses of Zanthoxylum armatum var.Novemfolius,providing reference for enterprises and farmers to determine suitable harvesting time for Z.armatum var.Novemfolius.Z.armatum var.Novemfolius variety'Jiuyeqing'was used as the test material.Samples were collected approximately every 6 days to test yield and quality index,after Z.armatum var.Novemfolius entering fruit expansion period(from April 12th to July 1st).The results showed that the fruit size was increased by 77%at the end of rapid expansion period compared to the beginning of the period.Thousand fruit weight was still increasing after expansion period.By early June,thousand fruit weight was significantly increased by 228%compared to the beginning of the period.The rate of kernel/seed was significantly deceased as a delay of the harvesting period due to increasing seed weight.A mass of volatile oil and amide compounds accumulated after fruit expanded,and content of which showed a rising trend in early stage of harvesting periods and smooth trend in later.In fresh Z.armatum var.Novemfolius,content variations of volatile oil and amide compounds were 0.6-2.8 mL/100 g,2.5-16.7 mg/g.The total content of main aroma components in volatile oil,such as Linalool,Limonene and Myrcene,increased gradually with the harvest period and then decreased.The trends of total alcohol ketone were rising continuously in early stage and reached the peak at 58.59%on June 19th,and then began to decrease slowly.These conclusions indicate that the suitable time for harvesting Z.armatum var.Novemfolius for sauce is from the end of April to early-May.The suitable time for harvesting fresh Z.armatum var.novemfolius is after early June for better quality,because contents of volatile oil and amide compounds approach or reach the peaks.The suitable time for harvesting Z.armatum var.novemfolius to dry is after late June.The suitable time for harvesting Z.armatum var.novemfolius for oil is mid-July in order to ensure full aroma,numb flavor.关键词
九叶青花椒/采收期/产量/品质Key words
Zanthoxylum armatum var.Novemfolius/harvest time/yield/quality分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
孙恩虹,何永坤,刘延,张建平..采收期对青花椒产量与品质的影响[J].农学学报,2026,16(5):18-25,8.基金项目
中国气象局创新发展专项"花椒锈病发生期气象条件等级预报技术研发"(CXFZ2021J068) （CXFZ2021J068）
重庆市气象局业务技术攻关项目"重庆青花椒精细化农业气象关键技术"(YWJSGG-202143) （YWJSGG-202143）
重庆市气象局业务技术攻关项目"花椒、枇杷、猕猴桃重庆山地特色作物气象服务指标与模型构建"(YWJSGG-202219). （YWJSGG-202219）
