北京交通大学学报2026，Vol.50Issue(3)：186-196,11.DOI:10.11860/j.issn.1673-0291.20250137
不同速度等级运营高铁轨道不平顺谱特征分析
Analysis of track irregularity spectrum characteristics for high-speed railways at different speed grades
摘要
Abstract
To address the irregularity characteristics of track spectra at different speeds,this study pro-poses a method for comprehensively evaluating track quality by combining the track irregularity quan-tile spectrum with the Track Quality Index(TQI).First,based on measured track irregularity data from four high-speed railway lines in East China,the improved Welch method is employed to calcu-late the power spectral density of track irregularities.The structural characteristics of the track irregu-larity power spectra at speeds of 200,250,300,and 350 km/h are then analyzed.By comparing these with classic domestic and international reference spectra,the structural differences across various speed grades are discussed.Second,the Chinese standard spectrum formula is used to fit the track ir-regularity data at the four speeds,and the adaptability of the fitted spectral parameters to the current standard spectral parameters is evaluated.Finally,the relationship between different individual stan-dard deviations and the track quantile spectra is analyzed.By calculating the areas of the track quantile spectra at each level,the correlation between the track quantile spectra and the TQI is established.The results indicate that the variation trends of the track spectra at all speed levels are consistent with the current normative standard spectra;however,the spectral parameters exhibit certain discrepancies.Specifically,for vertical irregularities at wavelengths above 10 m and alignment irregularities at wave-lengths above 22 m,the spectral lines are significantly elevated compared to the standard spectra,ac-companied by substantial changes in the spectral parameters.This suggests that after years of high-speed railway operation,the standard spectral parameters require corresponding revision and refine-ment.The percentile spectra are divided into four intervals:0-30%,30%-70%,70%-90%,and 90%-100%,corresponding to excellent,good,fair,and warning track conditions,respectively.Based on actual line conditions,reasonable quantile spectra can be constructed and combined with the TQI to fa-cilitate the comprehensive quality management of high-speed railway tracks.关键词
铁道工程/高速铁路/轨道不平顺/不同速度/分位数谱/轨道质量指数Key words
railway engineering/high-speed railway/track irregularity/different speeds/quantile spectrum/track quality index分类
交通工程引用本文复制引用
李承奥,李再帏,陈鼎,洪剑..不同速度等级运营高铁轨道不平顺谱特征分析[J].北京交通大学学报,2026,50(3):186-196,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(52472450) （52472450）
上海市教育委员会科研项目(2024AI007) National Natural Science Foundation of China(52472450) （2024AI007）
Research Project of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(2024AI007) （2024AI007）
