草地学报2026，Vol.34Issue(6)：2147-2160,14.DOI:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.06.018
不同伊犁马放牧强度对昭苏山地草甸草原承载力的影响
Effects of Different Grazing Intensities of Yili Horses on the Carrying Capacity of Zhaosu Mountain Meadow Grassland
摘要
Abstract
Grazing is a primary utilization method of grasslands,and determining the appropriate grazing inten-sity is of crucial for grassland conservation and the sustainable development of animal husbandry.A controlled grazing experiment was conducted during the warm season of 2023 at the 77th Regiment Horse Farm in Zhaosu County,four treatments were set up:no grazing,light grazing(1 horse·hm-2),heavy grazing(4 horse·hm-2),and extreme grazing(6 horse·hm-2),and a randomized block design was adopted.The effects of grazing inten-sity on pasture carrying capacity were evaluated by monitoring plant community structure,diversity,standing biomass,forage nutritional quality,and by calculating digestible energy(DE)and the grading index 2001(GI2001).The results indicated that light grazing maintained relatively a high species diversity,while the no-graz-ing area exhibited the best forage nutritional quality.The biomass carrying capacity was the highest under heavy grazing[0.73 horse·hm-2·(122d)-1],and the crude protein yield carrying capacity was relatively high under extreme grazing[0.99 horse·hm-2·(122d)-1].However,these conditions were accompanied by the decline of sedges and a surge in forbs,representing an unsustainable short-term phenomenon.The PLS-PM(Partial Least Squares Path Modeling)model showed a direct negative effect of grazing intensity on GI2001 and DE.In conclusion,light grazing(1 horse·hm-2)is the suitable intensity for the Zhaosu mountain meadow steppe,effectively balancing ecological conservation and the needs for continuous grazing of Yili horses.关键词
放牧强度/山地草甸草原/牧草营养品质/牧草消化能/植被特征Key words
Grazing intensity/Mountain meadow grassland/Forage nutritional quality/Forage digestible energy/Vegetation characteristics分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王钰杰,窦梓镱,方菊梅,王玲玲,郑伟..不同伊犁马放牧强度对昭苏山地草甸草原承载力的影响[J].草地学报,2026,34(6):2147-2160,14.基金项目
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发任务课题(2022B03030-2) （2022B03030-2）
国家重点研发专项(2022xjkk0404) （2022xjkk0404）
国家重点研发专项(ALT-KJZC2019002)资助 （ALT-KJZC2019002）
