弹道学报2026，Vol.38Issue(2)：26-36,11.DOI:10.12115/ddxb.2026.01004
超空泡航行体机动出水特性研究
Study on Maneuvering Water-exit Characteristics of Supercavitating Vehicles
摘要
Abstract
When a high-speed vehicle undergoes large-overload maneuvering underwater and rapidly pitches up to exit the water,the violent evolution of cavity and abrupt load variations significantly affect ballistic stability.However,the underlying mechanisms by which cavitator parameters influence the maneuvering water-exit process remain insufficiently understood.In this study,a coupled solution method for the multiphase flow field and the multi-degree-of-freedom motion of the vehicle during water exit was established based on the finite volume method in conjunction with the SST k-ω turbulence model,VOF multiphase flow model,and overset grid technology.The effects of cavitator diameter and rotational speed on cavity evolution,hydrodynamic loads characteristics,and ballistic stability were systematically investigated.The results indicate that the pitch-up maneuver induced by the rotating cavitator leads to pronounced asymmetric bending of the supercavity,which gradually evolves into a crescent-shaped structure.Meanwhile,the wetted region on the lower surface exhibits a typical"climb-reflow-reclimb"sequence,jointly influencing the stability of the vehicle with the cavitator.Increasing the cavitator diameter effectively regulates the force distribution and cavity scale and shortens the water-exit time,while the axial force,normal force,and torque coefficients of the vehicle remain generally consistent.Increasing the rotational speed of cavitator advances the onset of tail slamming and water exit,and enhances maneuverability.However,high rotational speeds induce local cavitation,thereby intensifying oscillations of the force coefficient.Increasing both the cavitator diameter and rotational speed improves the efficiency of maneuvering exit.These findings provide valuable guidance for the structural optimization and control strategy design of maneuvering cavitators and for the engineering application of high-speed trans-media vehicles.关键词
空化盘/超空泡航行体/机动出水/数值计算/空化Key words
cavitator/supercavitating vehicle/maneuvering water-exit/numerical calculation/cavitation分类
军事科技引用本文复制引用
刘畅,朱奕蘅,张庆森,王嘉捷,明付仁..超空泡航行体机动出水特性研究[J].弹道学报,2026,38(2):26-36,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(52471280) （52471280）
