地质力学学报2026，Vol.32Issue(3)：509-527,19.DOI:10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2026053
青藏高原及周缘近年来典型强震地表破裂特征及其构造指示意义
Characteristics of surface ruptures produced by recent major earthquakes on the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas,and their tectonic implications
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Coseismic surface ruptures provide key evidence for identifying the seismogenic structures of earthquakes,elucidating crustal deformation mechanisms,and assessing seismic hazards.To understand the surface deformation and disaster development characteristics associated with different types of fault activity on the Tibetan Plateau,and to reveal the current crustal deformation patterns reflected by a series of strong earthquakes in recent years,we systematically compiled and analyzed the surface rupture characteristics of five M>6.5 earthquakes that have occurred on the Tibetan Plateau and surrounding areas since 2021,based on field surveys.[Methods]We used the 2021 MW 7.4 Maduo,2022 MW 6.6 Menyuan,2022 MW 6.6 Luding,2024 MW 7.0 Wushi,and 2025 MW 7.1 Dingri earthquakes as representative cases.We integrated results from remote sensing interpretation,field surveys,and UAV photogrammetry,as well as seismological and geodetic data,to conduct a detailed analysis of the surface rupture and coseismic displacement distribution characteristics of these events.[Results]The strike-slip Maduo and Menyuan earthquakes formed coseismic surface rupture zones approximately 150～160 km and 22～31 km long,respectively,with maximum coseismic surface displacements of～3.6 m and～3.7 m.Contrastingly,the Luding earthquake,also a strike-slip event,exhibited a surface rupture only～450 m long at Ertaizi.The strong,MW 5.7 aftershock of the thrust-type Wushi earthquake generated a coseismic surface rupture zone～5 km long with a maximum vertical displacement of～1.7 m,while the normal-fault-type Dingri earthquake formed a coseismic surface rupture zone 25～36.5 km long with a maximum vertical displacement of～2.7 m.[Conclusions]A comprehensive analysis of the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of major regional earthquakes indicates that,prior to the 2022 Luding earthquake,major earthquakes on the Tibetan Plateau were primarily clustered around the periphery of the active Bayan Har block.The subsequent Wushi and Dingri earthquakes both occurred far from the Bayan Har block,suggesting that the clustering period of major earthquakes in this active block may have ended.Further analysis of focal mechanism solutions indicates that strike-slip earthquakes have dominated recent moderate-to-strong seismic events on the Tibetan Plateau and its periphery.This may be related to the fact that current crustal deformation on the Tibetan Plateau is primarily regulated and absorbed through the lateral extrusion of active blocks along large strike-slip fault zones.[Significance]The above research findings provide fundamental data and references for earthquake early warning,disaster prevention and mitigation,as well as the planning,construction,and seismic design of major regional engineering projects in the Tibetan Plateau region.关键词
青藏高原/强震/同震地表破裂/同震位错/活动断裂Key words
Tibetan Plateau/strong earthquake/coseismic surface rupture/coseismic displacement/active fault分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
潘家伟,李海兵,刘富财,Marie-Luce Chevalier,刘栋梁,卢海建,陈鹏,杨少华..青藏高原及周缘近年来典型强震地表破裂特征及其构造指示意义[J].地质力学学报,2026,32(3):509-527,19.基金项目
科技部科技基础资源调查专项(2021FY100101) （2021FY100101）
国家自然科学基金项目(42372274,42325207) （42372274,42325207）
中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20240100703) This research was financially supported by Special Project on Basic Resources Investigation of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Grant No.2021FY100101),the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42372274 and 42325207),and the China Geological Survey Project of the China Geological Survey(Grant No.DD20240100703). （DD20240100703）
