地质力学学报2026，Vol.32Issue(3)：545-562,18.DOI:10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2025183
2021年漾濞MS6.4地震序列震源特征及发震构造研究
Study on the source characteristics and seismogenic structure of the 2021 Yangbi MS 6.4 earthquake sequence
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]On 21 May 2021,an MS 6.4 earthquake struck Yangbi County,Dali Prefecture,Yunnan Province—the largest event near the Weishan Basin segment of the Weixi-Qiaohou fault since 1976.The mainshock produced no surface rupture and did not occur on any known active fault.Despite numerous previous studies,the precise seismogenic structure and causative faults of this typical foreshock-mainshock-aftershock sequence(including seven MS ≥ 4.0 foresho-cks and 22 MS≥ 4.0 aftershocks)remain controversial;some results are poorly constrained or even mutually contradictory.Furthermore,the occurrence of moderate-to-strong earthquakes surrounding the source area has increased significantly in recent years.This study thus aims to elucidate the rupture behaviour and seismogenic environment of the entire earthquake sequence.[Methods]Using pre-existing focal mechanism solutions of minor earthquakes as reference events,we adopted the relative centroid relocation method and time-frequency source characterisation method to calculate rupture directivity parameters for ten MS≥ 4.0 events.In addition,we calculated the radiation efficiency for all MS≥ 3.0 earthquakes based on waveform recording from local seismic station.[Results]Our results demonstrate distinct along-strike segmentation of rupture directivity across the Yangbi sequence.On the northwestern segment of the sequence,five earthquakes feature NW-striking fault planes.On the southeastern segment,four earthquakes exhibit faults either NW or NE.The largest foreshock(MS 5.6)and the largest aftershock(MS 5.2)both rupture toward the NE,indicating that they did not occur on the same fault as the MS 6.4 mainshock.Combined with previous relocation and geodetic results,we interpret that these two events occurred on conjugate faults.The MS 6.4 mainshock ruptured toward the NW,consistent with the dominant rupture azimuth of the NW segment,suggesting that the mainshock primarily ruptured the NW-trending master fault,whereas conjugate faulting in the SE segment constitutes an important component of the entire sequence.For the MS 4.4 foreshock,the relative centroid method yields a rupture direction toward the NW,while the time-frequency source method gives a direction toward the SE.This event is therefore interpreted as a frequency-dependent bilateral rupture.We further calculated and corrected the radiation efficiency values for all MS≥ 3.0 events.The efficiency results show a similar along-strike segmentation:the radiation efficiency differs systematically between the NW and SE segments.Integrating rupture directivity patterns,radiation efficiency measurements and regional geological constraints,we infer that the segmentation in rupture directivity is primarily caused by differences in fault frictional properties between the NW and SE segments.[Conclusions]The Yangbi earthquake sequence exhibits distinct segmentation in rupture directivity,with the NW segment dominated by NW-striking master fault rupture and the SE segment characterized by conjugate faulting.The MS 4.4 foreshock corresponds to a frequency-dependent bilateral rupture event.The segmentation in radiation efficiency further supports the interpretation of different fault frictional regimes along the fault strike.[Significance]These findings deliver new constraints on the source characteristics and seismogenic structure of the Yangbi earthquake sequence.They improve our knowledge of the regional tectonic setting and earthquake nucleation cycle,and offer valuable seismological evidence for future seismic hazard assessment across the study area.关键词
漾濞MS6.4地震/地震序列/震源机制/发震构造/破裂方向性Key words
Yangbi MS 6.4 earthquake/earthquake sequence/source mechanism/seismogenic structure/rupture directionality分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
周民婷,何骁慧,刘智良,王伟涛..2021年漾濞MS6.4地震序列震源特征及发震构造研究[J].地质力学学报,2026,32(3):545-562,18.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(42494913,42474070) This research was financially supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42494913 and 42474070). （42494913,42474070）
