法医学杂志2026，Vol.42Issue(2)：143-150,8.DOI:10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2024.541104
RNA多态性个体识别的方法、应用与展望
Methods,Applications and Prospects of RNA Polymorphism for Individual Identi-fication
摘要
Abstract
In recent years,RNA markers have been widely employed for tissue origin identification in forensics.RNA molecules are diverse and can be detected in dried biological stains.They show charac-teristics such as tissue specificity,spatiotemporal dynamic expression,multi-copy numbers and high polymorphic genetics.Based on these characteristics,RNA genetic markers that combine polymorphism with body fluid specificity have been successfully applied to identify target body fluids in the multi-donor mixed stains.In addition,RNA genetic markers with both multi-copy characteristics and polymor-phism have shown promising results in individual identification using anucleate samples such as hair shafts.However,the application of RNA polymorphic genetic markers still faces several key chal-lenges,including the selection of appropriate RNA and polymorphic loci,and optimization of their practical use in forensics.This paper reviews the application of RNA polymorphisms in individual iden-tification and systematically analyzes its advantages,limitations,and the main challenges that need to be addressed in the future.The goals are to further review and consolidate findings from studies of RNA polymorphisms,to advance theoretical development and methodological innovation of RNA poly-morphisms in individual identification and to provide references for forensic individual identification.关键词
法医遗传学/个体识别/RNA多态性/体液特异性/无细胞核类检材/多人混合斑/综述Key words
forensic genetics/individual identification/RNA polymorphism/body fluid specificity/anucleate samples/multi-donor mixed stain/review分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
张更谦,刘紫东..RNA多态性个体识别的方法、应用与展望[J].法医学杂志,2026,42(2):143-150,8.基金项目
中央引导地方科技发展资金资助项目(YDZJSX2024D061) （YDZJSX2024D061）
国家自然科学基金资助项目(82171876) （82171876）
