干旱区地理2026，Vol.49Issue(6)：1108-1121,14.DOI:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2025.358
玛纳斯河流域水化学时空分异特征及成因解析
Spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics and formation mechanisms of hydrochemistry in the Manas River Basin
摘要
Abstract
The periodic differentiation of chemical characteristics in surface and groundwater can reveal the ex-tent of the interaction between natural conditions and human disturbance in arid agricultural regions,thus offering insights into the dynamics of water system evolution.To investigate the spatiotemporal coupling and differentia-tion of water chemistry in the Manas River Basin,we collected 184 surface and groundwater samples in April(pre-irrigation),July(mid-irrigation),and October(post-irrigation)of 2024.We employed Piper diagrams,Gibbs diagrams,and reverse geochemical modeling to systematically analyze the spatiotemporal interactions and driv-ing factors of water chemistry across four geological units:The low-latitude mountainous area,piedmont plain ar-ea,artificial oasis area,and desert transition zone throughout the irrigation cycle.The results show that(1)Water chemistry types display a gradient spatial differentiation pattern,transitioning from the HCO3-Ca·Mg type in the low-latitude mountainous area to the Cl·SO4-Na type in the desert transition zone.Irrigation activities drive the artificial oasis and desert transition zones through three stages of salinization,evolving from the HCO3-Ca type in the pre-irrigation period to the high-salinity Cl·SO4-Na type in the post-irrigation period,following a temporal differentiation pattern.(2)In the low-latitude mountainous and piedmont plain areas,water chemistry is primarily influenced by water-rock interactions.By contrast,the artificial oasis area and desert transition zone are affected by both evaporation and crystallization processes,as well as human activities,which intensify during the mid-and post-irrigation periods.Na+,K+,and Cl-primarily originate from rock salt dissolution and cation exchange,whereas Ca2+,Mg2+,and HCO3-mainly derive from dolomite and calcite dissolution,with SO42-primarily coming from gypsum dissolution.(3)Water-rock interactions are largely driven by dolomite and calcite dissolution and cation exchange,with minimal contributions from rock salt and gypsum,exhibiting distinct temporal differentia-tion characteristics.Through a comprehensive analysis of water chemistry differentiation and its controlling fac-tors across multiple spatiotemporal scales,this study provides a scientific foundation for the sustainable manage-ment of surface and groundwater systems and for the prevention and control of salinization in arid regions.关键词
水化学演化/灌溉驱动/时空分异特征/玛纳斯河流域Key words
water chemical evolution/irrigation-driven/spatiotemporal differentiation/Manas River Basin引用本文复制引用
李勇,张福初,何新林,李小龙,宋维浩..玛纳斯河流域水化学时空分异特征及成因解析[J].干旱区地理,2026,49(6):1108-1121,14.基金项目
第三次新疆综合科学考察(2021xjkk0804) （2021xjkk0804）
兵团重点领域科技攻关项目(2023AB059) （2023AB059）
国家自然科学基金地区项目(52369012) （52369012）
兵团科技创新人才计划项目(2024DB049) （2024DB049）
石河子大学创新人才培育计划项目(CXPY202322) （CXPY202322）
兵团研究生创新项目(BTYJXM-2024-S10)资助 （BTYJXM-2024-S10）
