现代农业装备2026，Vol.47Issue(3)：17-30,14.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-2154.2026.03.002
农业无人机在丘陵山地环境中的技术适应性与优化路径综述
A Review of Technical Adaptability and Optimization Pathways for Agricultural UAVs in Hilly and Mountainous Environments
摘要
Abstract
Hilly and mountainous areas are important production regions for grain and oil crops,fruits,vegetables,tea,and characteristic cash crops in China.However,complex terrain,fragmented plots,dense low-altitude obstacles,and unstable local wind fields have long restricted the trafficability,continuity,and efficiency of conventional ground-based agricultural machinery.Agricultural unmanned aerial vehicles have the advantages of vertical takeoff and landing,high maneuverability,and low dependence on ground traffic conditions,providing important equipment support for mechanized and intelligent agricultural operations in hilly and mountainous environments.Focusing on the technical adaptability and optimization pathways of agricultural UAVs in such environments,this review systematically summarizes domestic and international research progress and analyzes the environmental characteristics of hilly and mountainous farmland in terms of terrain and spatial structure,operational complexity,microclimatic conditions,and their influence mechanisms on UAV operations.Furthermore,the adaptability of key technologies is discussed from the perspectives of flight platforms,power systems,navigation and positioning,terrain-following flight,precision spraying,environmental perception,and obstacle avoidance.The analysis indicates that agricultural UAVs in hilly and mountainous areas still face several challenges,including insufficient flight stability,degraded positioning reliability,fluctuating operation accuracy,low path-planning efficiency,limited edge intelligence,and high application costs.Future development should focus on specialized platform design,multi-source fusion positioning,terrain-following flight control,variable-rate precision operation,multi-UAV cooperative scheduling,data-driven service systems,and the construction of operational standards.These efforts are expected to improve the safety,precision,and large-scale application capability of agricultural UAVs in hilly and mountainous environments.关键词
农业无人机/丘陵山地/技术适应性/仿地飞行/精准喷洒/多源融合定位Key words
agricultural UAVs/hilly and mountainous terrain/technical adaptability/terrain-following flight/precision spraying/multi-source fusion positioning分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
赵立军,代凡程,胡繁森,胡鑫,李强..农业无人机在丘陵山地环境中的技术适应性与优化路径综述[J].现代农业装备,2026,47(3):17-30,14.基金项目
重庆市永川区"揭榜挂帅"项目(2025yc-jbgs20005) （2025yc-jbgs20005）
2025年重庆市研究生科研创新项目(CYS25872) （CYS25872）
2025年重庆文理学院校级研究生科研创新项目(CUAS-GSK2025007) （CUAS-GSK2025007）
