华南理工大学学报（自然科学版）2026，Vol.54Issue(6)：54-73,20.DOI:10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.250457
低空交通系统数实孪生架构与关键技术综述
A Review of the Digital-Physical Twin Architecture and Key Technologies for Low-Altitude Aerial Transportation Systems
摘要
Abstract
With the rapid development of the low-altitude economy,particularly represented by urban air mobility,low-altitude airspace is expected to present characteristics such as high frequency,high density,heterogeneity,and dynamic operations.Traditional operation safety assessment systems,which are predominantly rule-driven and of-fline verification-based,are no longer sustainable in terms of reliability and real-time performance.There is an ur-gent need to reshape the entire system through a new methodology centered on digital twin technologies.To this end,this paper systematically elaborates on a cloud-edge-terminal collaborative architecture of the digital twin of low-altitude transportation systems.Within this architecture,the cloud layer serves as the twin hub,constructing a global digital environment;the edge layer covers key nodes,completing the aggregation and fusion of multi-source sensing data;and the device layer,primarily composed of aircraft,acts as the sensed objects while also undertaking responsibilities such as data reporting and command execution.Focusing on this architecture,this paper sorts out collaborative and non-collaborative perception methods within advanced low-altitude sensing systems,which form the data foundation supporting digital twin modeling,mapping,and scenario driving.For high-fidelity mapping of complex elements in low-altitude transportation,two core objects,the digital twin environment and the digital twin aircraft,were defined,and twin simulation platforms and tools for system testing and algorithm validation were sum-marized.It also sorts out the standardized operations safety assessment system based on digital twin and reviews quantitative operations safety assessment technologies,providing a scientific basis for the design,certification,and policy-making of low-altitude transportation systems.关键词
低空交通/数实孪生/多模态感知/运行安全评估Key words
low-altitude transportation/digital twin/multimodal perception/operational safety assessment分类
交通工程引用本文复制引用
杨东辉,龚晶,孙勇,王昱昊,曲小波..低空交通系统数实孪生架构与关键技术综述[J].华南理工大学学报（自然科学版）,2026,54(6):54-73,20.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFB4301800) （2023YFB4301800）
清华大学-丰田联合研究基金项目(20253930034)Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFB4301800)and the Tsinghua-Toyota Joint Re-search Fund(20253930034) （20253930034）
