中医药导报2026，Vol.32Issue(6)：77-82,6.DOI:10.13862/j.cn43-1446/r.2026.06.014
失眠患者证候分布特点及影响因素分析
A Study on the Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of TCM Syndromes in Insomnia Patients
摘要
Abstract
Objective:To analyze the distribution characteristics of TCM syndromes and related influencing factors in patients with insomnia based on a cross-sectional survey.Methods:Patients with insomnia who visited the General Internal Medicine Outpatient Department of Xiyuan Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from January 2023 to January 2025 were enrolled.Demographic data,medical records and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)scores were collected.Statistical description,cluster analysis and linear regression were performed using SPSS 27.0.Results:A total of 456 insomnia patients were included,with 72.6%being female.The mean age was(42.6±13.4)years,and the mean PSQI score was(12.62±3.37).A total of 85 common symptoms,signs,tongue and pulse variables were collected,including 56 TCM symptom variables,19 tongue variables and 10 pulse variables.The TCM syndromes in descending order of frequency were liver fire disturbing heart syndrome,stomach qi disharmony syndrome,liver stagnation with spleen deficiency syndrome,heart-spleen deficiency syndrome and heart-kidney disconnection syndrome.Influencing factor analysis showed that age was a significant positive predictor of total PSQI score(P<0.001);age(P<0.001),stomach qi disharmony syndrome(P=0.038),liver stagnation with spleen deficiency(P=0.007)and heart-spleen deficiency(P=0.003)were significant negative predictors of daytime dysfunction score.Conclusion:Insomnia is becoming younger and more chronic,with liver fire disturbing heart syndrome as the main TCM type.Older age is associated with higher total PSQI score,while younger age and heart-kidney disconnection syndrome are related to more severe day-time dysfunction.Diagnosis and treatment should focus on the heart and liver,pay attention to daytime func-tion,and provide early intervention to prevent excessive syndromes from transforming into deficiency syndromes.关键词
失眠/中医证候/肝火扰心/日间功能障碍/影响因素Key words
insomnia/TCM syndrome/liver fire disturbing the heart/daytime dysfunction/influencing factors分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
李梓荣,吴宇飞,王妙然,曹竟,李梦璇,张继伟,朱正川,李秋艳..失眠患者证候分布特点及影响因素分析[J].中医药导报,2026,32(6):77-82,6.基金项目
北京市自然科学基金项目(7242258,7254519) （7242258,7254519）
中国中医科学院西苑医院院内课题(XYZX0304-09) （XYZX0304-09）
2025年度北京中医药大学研究生自主科研课题(ZJKT2025023) （ZJKT2025023）
