航天器工程2026，Vol.35Issue(3)：110-117,8.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8748.2026.03.015
一种空间机器人流匹配VLA模型安全漏洞研究
A Study of Security Vulnerabilities in Flow-matching-based Visual-Language-Action Model for Space Robot
罗涛 1张亚航 1王耀兵1
作者信息
- 1. 北京空间飞行器总体设计部,北京 100094||空间智能机器人系统技术与应用北京市重点实验室,北京 100094
- 折叠
摘要
Abstract
Vision-Language-Action(VLA)models are emerging as a core technology for next-gen-eration on-orbit autonomous control of space robots,supporting critical missions including space-craft capture,extravehicular maintenance and payload assembly.However,their heavy reliance on large-scale datasets and their distinctive mechanism for continuous action generation introduce security vulnerabilities that have not been systematically studied.From the perspective of auton-omous on-orbit control security for space robots,this paper proposes a dynamics-aware backdoor security framework for flow-matching-based VLA models tailored to space robot applications.A highly stealthy trigger mechanism tailored to space operation scenarios,a conditional dynamics attack module,and a dynamics quasi-regularization module are designed to achieve highly stealthy attacks with high success rates.Systematic experiments are conducted on a high-fidelity robotic simulation platform and a physical manipulator verification system to fully verify the effectiveness and stealthiness of the method.The results show that the method achieves an attack success rate up to 100%under context-aware triggering,with negligible degradation in normal task perform-ance.The generated malicious trajectories show no significant differences from normal trajecto-ries in kinematic metrics such as velocity,acceleration and smoothness,thus effectively bypass-ing existing space robot anomaly detection mechanisms.This study reveals critical security vul-nerability in flow-matching-based continuous generative VLA models for space robots,and pro-vides a theoretical basis and engineering reference for the security design and defense of space ro-bot intelligent control systems.关键词
空间机器人/具身智能/视觉-语言-动作模型/安全漏洞Key words
space robot/embodied intelligence/Vision-Language-Action Model/security vulnera-bility分类
航空航天引用本文复制引用
罗涛,张亚航,王耀兵..一种空间机器人流匹配VLA模型安全漏洞研究[J].航天器工程,2026,35(3):110-117,8.
