矿床地质2026，Vol.45Issue(3)：683-705,23.DOI:10.16111/j.0258-7106.2026.03.012
川西可尔因矿田高壤伟晶岩型锂矿床成矿地质特征及成因机制研究
Study on geological characteristics and genetic mechanism of Gaorang pegma-tite-type lithium deposit in Ke'eryin ore field,western Sichuan
摘要
Abstract
As one of the key rare-metal mineralization clusters within the Songpan-Garzê orogenic belt,the Ke'eryin ore field hosts numerous pegmatite-type lithium deposits.Gaorang is a newly discovered cluster of spodumene-bearing pegmatite veins located in the northern part of the Ke'eryin ore field;while it possesses significant re-source potential,it remains relatively understudied,particularly regarding its genetic relationship with associated granites,which has yet to be clearly established.Muscovite serves as a ubiquitous accessory and rock-forming mineral within the Ke'eryin two-mica monzogranites and pegmatites,effectively recording compositional varia-tions within the melt.Consequently,this study focuses on the various types of pegmatites found in the Gaorang deposit,conducting comprehensive investigations involving whole-rock geochemistry,in situ micro-area compo-sitional analysis of muscovite,and Rayleigh fractionation modeling.The objective is to elucidate their genetic evolution and geological significance,thereby providing a theoretical basis for the prediction and exploration of pegmatite-type lithium deposits in this region.The research results indicate that the pegmatites of the Gaorang de-posit exhibit high contents of SiO2(63.98％～82.82％)and Al2O3(10.36％～21.39％);furthermore,their total alkali content and K/Na ratios vary significantly,classifying them as strongly peraluminous rocks.The albite-spodu-mene type pegmatites are relatively enriched in Li,Be,Nb,Ta,Rb,and Cs,while being relatively depleted in ele-ments such as Ba,Th,U,Ce,Sr,Nd,Sm,Zr,and Hf.Furthermore,they show relative enrichment in light rare earth elements(LREEs:La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu),distinct fractionation between LREEs and heavy rare earth ele-ments(HREEs),and a pronounced negative europium anomaly.A progressive trend of decreasing K/Rb,K/Cs,and Nb/Ta ratios in muscovite is observed across the sequence ranging from the two-mica monzogranites to the microline-albite type pegmatites,and finally to the albite-spodumene type pegmatites.Muscovite Rayleigh frac-tionation modeling reveals a clear magmatic evolutionary trend extending from the two-mica monzogranites to the pegmatites,suggesting that the pegmatitic magma at the Gaorang deposit likely originated through the frac-tional crystallization of a granitic magma,thereby pointing to a genetic origin rooted in magmatic differentiation.The study indicates that the pegmatite veins within the Gaorang deposit area are of substantial scale and exhibit favorable mineralization,suggesting promising prospects for mineral exploration.关键词
稀有金属伟晶岩/地球化学特征/成因机制/高壤锂矿床/可尔因Key words
rare metal pegmatite/geochemical characteristics/genetic mechanism/Gaorang lithium deposit/Ke'eryin引用本文复制引用
文佳豪,代鸿章,刘晓敏,陈翠华,刘善宝,王成辉,高原,李鑫,张皓然..川西可尔因矿田高壤伟晶岩型锂矿床成矿地质特征及成因机制研究[J].矿床地质,2026,45(3):683-705,23.基金项目
本文得到国家重点研发计划项目"我国西部伟晶岩型锂等稀有金属成矿规律与勘查技术"(编号:2021YFC22901900)、中国地质科学院基本科研业务费专项经费资助项目"松潘-甘孜锂稀有金属重点成矿带成矿模式研究"(编号:KK2413)、"中国地质科学院深地探测与矿产勘查全国重点实验室基本科研业务费项目"(编号:JKYDM2025106)、中国地质调查局项目"战略新兴产业矿产地质调查工程"(编号:DD20230034)、自然资源部新一轮找矿突破战略行动科技支撑项目"松潘-甘孜锂稀有金属矿关键勘查技术与找矿预测模型"(编号:ZK-KJ202412)、四川大中赫锂业有限公司项目"加达锂矿优选靶区验证地质研究技术服务"(编号:HE2322)和"四川省马尔康市加达锂矿地质详查(勘探)"(编号:HE2327)联合资助 （编号:2021YFC22901900）
