临床输血与检验2026，Vol.28Issue(3)：436-445,10.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1671-2587.2026.03.022
人血白蛋白翻译后修饰、功能调控与疾病相关性研究进展
Post-translational Modifications,Functional Regulation,and Disease Associations of Human Serum Albumin
摘要
Abstract
Human serum albumin(HSA),the most abundant circulating protein in human plasma,is exclusively synthesized by hepatic parenchymal cells.HSA undergoes a broad spectrum of enzymatic and non-enzymatic post-translational modifications(PTMs),which induce substantive conformational alterations to the protein backbone.The physiological functions of HSA include maintenance of plasma colloid osmotic pressure,ligand binding and transport,endogenous antioxidant activity,anti-inflammatory effects,etc.Critically,the biological functions of HSA are intrinsically coupled to its three-dimensional conformational state.Across a wide range of pathological conditions,disease-driven perturbations to HSA structure compromise its biological functionality,which in turn modifies disease trajectory and modulates the therapeutic efficacy of clinical interventions.Currently,plasma-derived HSA(pdHSA),purified from the plasma of healthy human donors,is ubiquitously administered in the clinical management of diverse critically ill patient populations.With recent transformative advances in biopharmaceutical technology,recombinant HSA(rHSA)has been successfully translated into clinical practice,with demonstrable differences in structural properties,biological functionality,and safety profiles relative to pdHSA.This review synthesizes the core PTMs and functional regulatory mechanisms of HSA,delineates disease-associated alterations in HSA structure and function across multiple pathological states,and directly compares the structural and functional similarities and differences between pdHSA and rHSA.Collectively,this article provides a comprehensive,integrated framework for understanding HSA biology,establishing a foundational theoretical basis for the innovative clinical application of HSA-based therapeutics and the advancement of precision medicine practice.关键词
人血白蛋白/翻译后修饰/功能/疾病/血源人血白蛋白/重组人白蛋白Key words
Human serum albumin/Post-translational modifications/Functional regulation/Disease associations/Plasma-derived human serum albumin/Recombinant human serum albumin分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
孙盼,马莉,闫晨,陈永莹,蒋鹏,秦亮,杨波波,邓晋朝,李长清,王宗奎..人血白蛋白翻译后修饰、功能调控与疾病相关性研究进展[J].临床输血与检验,2026,28(3):436-445,10.基金项目
本课题受四川省重大科技专项(No.2025ZDZX0043),中国医学科学院创新工程(No.2021-I2M-1-042)项目资助 （No.2025ZDZX0043）
