全球科技经济瞭望2026，Vol.41Issue(2)：67-76,10.DOI:10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2026.02.008
特朗普2.0时期的美国科技外交:实践逻辑、优先事项及应对措施
U.S.Science and Technology Diplomacy in the Trump 2.0 Era:Practical Logic,Strategic Priorities,and Countermeasures
摘要
Abstract
Science and Technology diplomacy is a political game played on the chessboard of science and technology.This article analyzes the practical logic and strategic direction of U.S.technology diplomacy during the Trump 2.0 era and proposes corresponding countermeasures.A comparison with the Biden administration indicates that U.S.technology diplomacy under Trump 2.0 has undergone notable changes in fields,functions,pace,philosophy,and style,exhibiting pronounced features of pragmatism,transactionalism,short-termism,nationalism,and individualism.Further analysis shows that the Trump administration is seeking to enhance the cost-effectiveness of U.S.technology diplomacy through five main approaches:reducing the burden of external technology assistance,revitalizing the domestic science and technology industrial base,closing loopholes in semiconductor export controls,strengthening U.S.capabilities for technological capture,and lowering China's incentives to adopt countermeasures against the United States.Although Trump occupies a position of relative initiative,his science and technology diplomacy also faces constraints.In response to the internal and external limitations of U.S.technology diplomacy in the Trump 2.0 era,China can pursue greater strategic initiative by maintaining strategic composure toward the United States,providing more international public goods,sharing opportunities for technological development,and proactively shaping a competitive-cooperative relationship.关键词
特朗普2.0时期/大国战略竞争/科技外交/美国优先Key words
Trump 2.0 era/Great Power Competition/Science and Technology Diplomacy/America First分类
社会科学引用本文复制引用
莫非,张书言,王子玥,李辉..特朗普2.0时期的美国科技外交:实践逻辑、优先事项及应对措施[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2026,41(2):67-76,10.基金项目
上海市哲学社会科学规划课题(2025EGB001). （2025EGB001）
