石油钻采工艺2026，Vol.48Issue(3)：273-285,13.DOI:10.13639/j.odpt.202511035
基于分布式光纤传感的油气井井筒完整性全生命周期监测综述
A review of full life-cycle monitoring for oil and gas wellbore integrity based on distributed fiber optic sensing
摘要
Abstract
Wellbore integrity serves as a critical guarantee for the safe operation of oil and gas wells,and its failure can lead to severe economic losses,environmental risks,and safety incidents.As hydrocarbon exploration and development extend into deep water,deep formation,and unconventional resources,the complex downhole environments characterized by high temperature,high pressure,and strong corrosion impose higher demands on monitoring technologies.Traditional monitoring methods,such as noise logging and cement bond logging,suffer from limitations including limited spatial coverage and poor real-time performance.Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing(DFOS)technology,leveraging its advantages of full-well continuous coverage,high spatio-temporal resolution,immunity to electromagnetic interference,and long-term stability,has emerged as a revolutionary tool for wellbore integrity monitoring.This paper systematically reviews the principles,research and application progress of key DFOS technologies—including Distributed Temperature Sensing(DTS),Distributed Acoustic Sensing(DAS),Distributed Strain Sensing(DSS),and Distributed Temperature and Strain Sensing(DTSS)—in areas such as wellbore leak detection,cement sheath integrity evaluation,casing stress and deformation monitoring,annular pressure and fluid channeling identification.By analyzing representative studies over the past decade,this review summarizes the challenges faced by DFOS technology in terms of adaptability to extreme environments,processing of massive datasets,deployment costs,and technical integration.Furthermore,it outlines future development directions,encompassing intelligent interpretation algorithms,novel sensing materials,multi-technology integration,standardized database establishment,and low-cost operation modes.This review aims to provide theoretical reference and practical guidance for researchers and engineers,promoting the deeper application and innovative development of fiber optic sensing technology in wellbore integrity management.关键词
井筒完整性/全生命周期/分布式光纤传感/泄漏检测/水泥环监测/套管变形Key words
wellbore integrity/full life-cycle/DFOS/leak detection/cement sheath monitoring/casing deformation分类
能源科技引用本文复制引用
王还伟,马英文,蔡文军,李梦博,武治强,殷志明..基于分布式光纤传感的油气井井筒完整性全生命周期监测综述[J].石油钻采工艺,2026,48(3):273-285,13.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目"深海油气开采井控安全风险监测预警及应急处置技术"(编号:2024YFC3014000) （编号:2024YFC3014000）
海洋油气高效开发全国重点实验室主任基金(2025)(编号:KJQZ-2025-2005) （2025）
国家自然科学基金项目"深海钻井溢漏同存复杂地层—井筒压力耦合机理及智能联动调控机制"(编号:52274026). （编号:52274026）
