天津农业科学2026，Vol.32Issue(5)：6-17,26,13.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006－6500.2026.05.002
羊肚菌白霉病拮抗菌贝莱斯芽孢杆菌分离鉴定及生防效果研究
Identification and Biocontrol Efficacy of an Antagonistic Bacterium Bacillus velezensis Against Morchella White Mold Disease
摘要
Abstract
With the expansion of artificial cultivation of Morchella spp.,various diseases have occurred accordingly.Among them,white mold disease is one of the most severe and widespread diseases damaging Morchella.In response to the increasingly serious and difficult－to－control disease,a bacterial strain XJ1 capable of inhibiting the growth of the pathogen was obtained during the isolation of pathogenic fungi.The antagonistic strain was identified based on phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA and gyrA gene sequences,com-bined with morphological and physiological biochemical characteristics.The inhibitory effects of the strain against multiple pathogens and its safety to the host Morchella were determined through dual culture assays,and the morphological changes of pathogen hyphae were observed.The fermentation culture conditions of strain XJ1 were optimized.The inhibitory effects of different concentrations of cell－free fermentation supernatant on Morchella fruiting bodies and the white mold pathogen were determined through pot experiments.The results showed that strain XJ1 was identified as Bacillus velezensis.Dual culture assays showed that antagonistic strain XJ1 ex-hibited strong inhibitory rates against the pathogens Clonostachys rosea(XN－13B－5),Pseudodiploospora longispora(MDJ－6－2B),and Trichoderma afroharzianum(MHK－6－3),with inhibition rates of 74.8%,71.7%,and 70.0%,respectively,while the inhibition rate a-gainst the host Morchella mycelium was only 19.0%.Microscopic observation revealed obvious malformation and swelling of the pathogen hyphae.The fermentation condition optimization results showed that YSP medium was most suitable for the growth of XJ1,with the optimal carbon and nitrogen sources being 1.5%maltose and 1.0%soybean meal powder,respectively,and the optimal cul-ture temperature was 28℃,and the optimal pH value was 7.Pot experiment results showed that the undiluted cell－free supernatant of the antagonistic strain caused damage to the surface of Morchella fruiting bodies,but after being diluted to a certain concentration,it still significantly inhibited the white mold pathogen while causing no damage to the Morchella fruiting bodies.In conclusion,the an-tagonistic strain B.velezensis has good biocontrol potential in the biological control of Morchella white mold disease.关键词
羊肚菌/白霉病/贝莱斯芽孢杆菌/生物防治Key words
Morchella/white mold disease/Bacillus velezensis/biocontrol分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
白牧青,赵琪,刘柯伶,王永威,王鲁镇,张春兰..羊肚菌白霉病拮抗菌贝莱斯芽孢杆菌分离鉴定及生防效果研究[J].天津农业科学,2026,32(5):6-17,26,13.基金项目
吉林省科技厅中央引领地方项目(YDZJ202401489ZYTS) （YDZJ202401489ZYTS）
