通信学报2026，Vol.47Issue(5)：1-13,13.DOI:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.TXXB260064
基于精确球面波模型的近场分布式目标定位方法
Near-field localization method of distributed targets based on exact spherical-wave model
摘要
Abstract
To mitigate the model mismatch caused by Fresnel approximations in near-field distributed-target localization and the high computational burden of compressive-sensing-based methods,a near-field distributed-target localization method was proposed based on the exact spherical-wave model.A second-order Taylor expansion was used to parameter-ize the nonlinear covariance matrix as a linear combination of precomputable Taylor basis matrices and spatial moment parameters.A covariance-matching linear least-squares estimator was then developed,yielding closed-form solutions for the central and spread parameters.In addition,the exact Cramér-Rao bound(CRB)was derived,and an auxiliary-variable reformulation with Monte Carlo sampling was introduced to efficiently evaluate the resulting high-dimensional integrals.Simulation results show that the proposed method outperforms the rank-reduction(RARE)method and sparse Bayesian learning(SBL)in estimating both central and spread parameters.It also achieves an average runtime of 0.015 6 s when the signal-to-noise ratio is 10 dB with 1 200 snapshots,providing about 680×and 1.7×speedups over SBL and RARE method,respectively,which highlights its potential for practical near-field localization applications.关键词
近场定位/分布式目标/精确球面波模型/方位矩估计/克拉美罗界Key words
near-field localization/distributed target/exact spherical-wave model/spatial moment estimation/CRB分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
刘亚鹏,高洪元,望明星,吴林隆..基于精确球面波模型的近场分布式目标定位方法[J].通信学报,2026,47(5):1-13,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.62372131) （No.62372131）
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(No.3072025YC0801) （No.3072025YC0801）
哈尔滨工程大学信息与通信工程学院院长创新基金资助项目 （）
哈尔滨工程大学博士研究生校长创新基金资助项目 The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62372131),The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.3072025YC0801),Innovation Fund,College of Information and Communication Engineering,Harbin Engi-neering University(HEU),HEU Presidential Innovation Fund for Ph.D Students （No.62372131）
