西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）2026，Vol.46Issue(3)：126-138,13.DOI:10.15896/j.xjtuskxb.202603012
易地扶贫搬迁如何影响收入不平等?
The Poverty Alleviation Resettlement Program and Income Inequality:Common Prosperity and the Urban-Rural Gap
摘要
Abstract
The poverty alleviation resettlement program(PARP)aims to achieve the ultimate goal of"enabling relocation,ensuring stability,and facilitating prosperity"for affected households.While"enabling relocation"constitutes the basic task,"ensuring stability"serves as the fundamental core and the primary objective of subsequent support measures.Existing studies predominantly focus on the policy's income and poverty reduction effects.However,assessing its long-term efficacy and sustainability solely through income growth offers a limited perspective. This study employs the PARP project as a quasi-natural experiment.Using a Difference-in-Differences(DID)approach,it analyzes the policy's impact on income inequality among relocated households and its underlying mechanisms.Findings reveal that PARP alleviates absolute income inequality within the relocated group.This effect is particularly pronounced among respondents under 45 years old,those with primary education,and those resettled in rural areas.Mechanism analysis indicates that relocation mitigates absolute inequality by improving consumption structures,enhancing perceived social status,and strengthening household resilience.Furthermore,the relative income gap between relocatees and original residents narrows significantly in terms of business and property income,while the wage income gap remains largely unchanged.The urban-rural income disparity is partially reduced. This paper contributes to the literature in four key aspects:first,it examines the policy's impact on poverty alleviation and long-term development through the lens of inequality.Second,it leverages the quasi-experimental nature of the policy to identify the causal effect of relocation on income inequality using a DID model.Third,it elucidates the mechanisms-consumption structure adjustment,improved relative social status,and enhanced resilience-through which relocation reduces internal inequality.Fourth,it extends the analysis to relative inequality,exploring practical disparities between relocatees and original residents in host communities. The conclusions demonstrate that the PARP policy has made progress in promoting common prosperity and narrowing the urban-rural gap.The study provides insights for policymakers to refine post-relocation support strategies and improve poverty-return prevention mechanisms,suggesting the need for differentiated support tailored to various resettled groups.关键词
易地扶贫搬迁/收入不平等/不平等指数/共同富裕/城乡差距/消费结构/社会地位/家庭韧性/防返贫Key words
poverty alleviation relocation/income inequality/inequality index/common prosperity/urban-rural gap/consumption structure/social status/family resilience/poverty relapse prevention分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
张晨,赵国雄,刘明月,戚渊..易地扶贫搬迁如何影响收入不平等?[J].西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）,2026,46(3):126-138,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金青年项目(72303178,42501333) （72303178,42501333）
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项项目(Y2024QC16). （Y2024QC16）
