眼科学报2026，Vol.41Issue(5)：346-359,14.DOI:10.12419/25112401
基于全球疾病负担数据库的不同地区年龄相关黄斑变性患病率及患病人数随年龄变化的模式分析
Age-related macular degeneration burden and its age-specific patterns across different socio-demographic index regions:an analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease database
摘要
Abstract
Objective:To analyze the disease burden and trends of age-related macular degeneration(AMD)globally and across different Socio-Demographic Index(SDI)regions from 1990 to 2021,using the data from the Global Burden of Disease(GBD)2021.Methods:Data were sourced from the GBD 2021 database.Metrics for AMD,including prevalent cases,prevalence,and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs),were extracted and stratified by SDI region.The estimated annual percentage change(EAPC)was used to quantify long-term trends.Prevalent cases and prevalence were compared across age groups to identify critical age thresholds.Results:Between 1990 to 2021,the global burden of AMD increased significantly.Total DALYs rose from 303,000 to 578,000(95%CI:89.0%-94.3%),with an Estimated Annual Percentage Change(EAPC)of 1.85%(95%CI:1.76%-1.94%).Prevalent cases grew from 3.64 million to 8.06 million(121.4%).Females showed a significantly higher burden than males across all SDI regions(P<0.05).The growth rate of the disease burden varied substantially by region;the middle SDI region had the highest EAPC(2.38%),while the high SDI region had the lowest(1.40%).Three critical age-related thresholds for AMD were identified:onset,peak,and divergence.The AMD burden began to rise sharply in the 50-54 age group across all regions.Globally,the number of prevalent cases peaked in the 70-74 age group,but this peak shifted to the 75-79 age group in middle SDI region.In the high and high-middle SDI regions,prevalence continued to increase while the absolute number of cases declined after the 80-84 age group.Conclusions:Globally,age 50 is critical threshold for initiating AMD prevention and screening.Over the past three decades,the global burden of AMD has worsen due to population aging,with substantial variations across SDI regions.The middle SDI region faces the most severe healthcare challenges due to the fastest growth in disease burden.It is recommended that regions should develop targeted prevention strategies tailored to their specific age-related thresholds and burden growth rates to address the rising global burden of AMD.关键词
年龄相关性黄斑变性/全球疾病负担研究数据库/社会人口学指数/年龄模式Key words
age-related macular degeneration/Global Burden of Disease Study/socio-demographic index/age-related patterns分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
刘昀祎,杜斓琪,何耀扬,陈士达..基于全球疾病负担数据库的不同地区年龄相关黄斑变性患病率及患病人数随年龄变化的模式分析[J].眼科学报,2026,41(5):346-359,14.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(82571271) （82571271）
广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2026A1515010675).This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82571271)and the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2026A1515010675). （2026A1515010675）
