中国工程科学2026，Vol.28Issue(3)：24-39,16.DOI:10.15302/J-SSCAE-2026.03.014
我国海上能源岛三级联动保障体系构建与制度创新研究
Construction of Three-Tier Coordinated Support System and Institutional Innovation for Offshore Energy Islands in China
摘要
Abstract
Driven by China's carbon peaking and carbon neutralization goals as well as the strategic development of deep-offshore energy resources,energy island clusters in the South China Sea are evolving from single energy-supply nodes into integrated engineering platforms that combine multi-energy coupling,energy conversion,operational support,emergency response,and long-distance replenishment.However,the existing support model dominated by nearshore home ports is constrained by long offshore distances,complex sea conditions,extended replenishment chains,and insufficient multi-stakeholder coordination,making it difficult to support large-scale and continuous operation of deep-offshore energy island clusters.This study reviews operational support models for energy islands and offshore energy hubs in China and abroad,analyzes the capability basis and limitations of ports,island-reef nodes,and frontier facilities in the South China Sea,and proposes a three-tier coordinated support system consisting of core home ports,relay hubs,and frontier support nodes.Based on support distance,water depth,task attributes,and response requirements,the proposed system divides the support space into a nearshore support layer,an offshore relay layer,and a deep-offshore frontier layer,corresponding respectively to integrated coordination,relay transfer,and near-field response functions.Scenario-based calculations indicate that the proposed system can reduce the response time for urgent spare-parts replenishment from approximately 51.5 h to 17.5 h,a decrease of about 66%,and reduce the arrival time for medical rescue from approximately 3.28 h to 1.43 h,a decrease of about 56.4%.Institutionally,this study recommends establishing the South China Sea Deep Blue Economic Comprehensive Pilot Zone as a coordination platform,while advancing standard sea-unit certification,three-dimensional layered sea-use rights,enclave-economy cooperation,and sea-air emergency coordination mechanisms.The results indicate that the three-tier coordinated support system can improve the operational efficiency,emergency response capability,and system resilience of energy island clusters in the South China Sea,providing a reference for the construction of deep-offshore energy engineering support systems in China.关键词
海上能源岛/三级联动保障体系/运行保障/空间治理/制度创新Key words
offshore energy island/three-tier coordinated support system/operation support/spatial governance/institutional innovation分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
陈亚洲,朱琳,徐静,付强,周守为,王国荣,钟林,唐洋,董学成..我国海上能源岛三级联动保障体系构建与制度创新研究[J].中国工程科学,2026,28(3):24-39,16.基金项目
中国工程院咨询项目"深远海能源开发与生态环境保护战略研究"(25HNZX-04),"海上能源一体化协同开发战略研究"(2025-HZ-30) Chinese Academy of Engineering projects"Strategic Research on Deep and Offshore Energy Development and Ecological Environment Protection"(25HNZX-04),"Strategic Research on Integrated and Collaborative Development of Offshore Energy"(2025-HZ-30) （25HNZX-04）
