中国工程科学2026，Vol.28Issue(3)：54-69,16.DOI:10.15302/J-SSCAE-2025.11.002
海洋大温差能发电的工程化发展模式研究
Engineering Development Model of Ocean Large-Temperature-Difference Energy Generation
摘要
Abstract
Ocean thermal energy coversion(OTEC)is environmentally friendly,has huge resource reserves,and offers stable power output.However,its commercialization has been slow.The fundamental bottleneck lies in the limited natural temperature difference,which leads to existing thermal cycle efficiencies generally remaining below 5%,far lower than those of conventional thermal power plants and even other renewable energy sources.Based on a systematic review of OTEC,this study proposes a concept of ocean large-temperature-difference energy generation,leveraging ocean geothermal energy and deep cold seawater,while considering multi-level utilization such as cold energy utilization of liquefied natural gas,seawater desalination,and extraction of ocean-associated strategic minerals.It analyzes the technical and equipment feasibility of ocean large-temperature-difference energy generation,proposes an engineering model for this technology,and identifies key engineering directions:efficient thermal cycle and thermal conversion technology and equipment for ocean large-temperature-difference energy generation,equipment for harnessing ocean geothermal energy,and technical devices for extracting ocean-associated strategic minerals.The study advocates for intensified exploration of ocean geothermal energy and ocean-associated strategic mineral resources.Moreover,it is imperative to address core technologies and key equipment for ocean large-temperature-difference energy generation,seawater desalination,and the extraction of ocean-associated strategic minerals.It is also essential to expedite the establishment of demonstration projects,supplemented by precise policy and investment support,thus to promote the commercialization of ocean large-temperature-difference energy generation,facilitate the efficient and integrated utilization of ocean energy resources in China,and contribute to China's energy security and high-quality development of the marine economy.关键词
海洋大温差能发电/工程化发展模式/海水淡化/海洋伴生战略矿产提取/海洋地热能/海水资源Key words
ocean large-temperature-difference power generation/engineering development model/seawater desalination/extraction of ocean-associated strategic minerals/ocean geothermal energy/seawater resources分类
通用工业技术引用本文复制引用
吴英,付强,程兵,王君傲,朱琳,徐静..海洋大温差能发电的工程化发展模式研究[J].中国工程科学,2026,28(3):54-69,16.基金项目
中国工程院咨询项目"推动能源强国建设战略研究(二期)"(2025-PP-07),"海上能源一体化协同开发战略研究"(2025-HZ-30) Chinese Academy of Engineering projects"Strategic Research on Promoting Energy Power Country Building(II)"(2025-PP-07),"Strategic Research on Integrated and Coordinated Development of Offshore Energy"(2025-HZ-30) （二期）
