中国舰船研究2026，Vol.21Issue(3)：56-63,8.DOI:10.19693/j.issn.1673-3185.04413
发射筒口气幕降载技术的相似规律
Similarity criterion of load reduction technology of launcher muzzle air curtain
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The load reduction technology of launcher muzzle air curtain reduces the launch load on an underwater vehicle by injecting air at the launcher muzzle during launching.To accurately simulate the process of a full-scale vehicle exiting the tube under complex environmental conditions through scaled-down experiments,it is necessary to study the similarity criterion governing the engineering-scale tests of this load reduction technology of launcher muzzle air curtain.[Method]Based on the relevant influencing parame-ters of underwater launching,the π theorem is applied to derive the similarity criteria governing the underwa-ter launch process.At the same time,similarity analysis is conducted for the pressure equalization and exhaust processes of the vehicle,as well as for the air curtain injection process,to establish the similarity criteria of the decompression model.To address the issue that the bubble pressure and bubble range during air curtain injec-tion cannot be simultaneously matched under the similarity criteria of the decompression model,additional similarity criteria for an isobaric model are developed.Finally,comparative experimental tests are performed to analyze the differences between the decompression model and the isobaric model.[Results]Compared with the decompression model similarity criterion,the isobaric model similarity criterion can more accurately simulate the process of uniform pressure exhaust and air curtain injection for the vehicle.It better satisfies the similarity requirements of cavity pressures,cavity shape,and bubble range.The scaled testing scheme based on the isobaric model similarity criterion can effectively capture the load characteristics and attitude behavior of the full-scale vehicle under the load reduction technology of launcher muzzle air curtain.[Conclusion]The research results provide a reference for simulating complex underwater launch environments.关键词
无人潜航器/水下发射/气幕降载/航行器出筒/均压排气/相似准则/等压模型/缩比试验Key words
unmanned underwater vehicle/underwater lunch/air curtain load reduction/vehicle exiting launch tube/uniform pressure exhaust/similarity criteria/isobaric model/scaled model test分类
交通工程引用本文复制引用
邢军,熊文慧,程栋..发射筒口气幕降载技术的相似规律[J].中国舰船研究,2026,21(3):56-63,8.基金项目
装备预研基金资助项目(1010403050102) （1010403050102）
装备创新基金资助项目(2016305ZT00200501) （2016305ZT00200501）
