中国农业大学学报2026，Vol.31Issue(7)：31-43,13.DOI:10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2026.07.03
太阳花马基因流模式与适应性渗入特征分析
Gene flow patterns and adaptive introgression characterization in Taiyanghua horses
摘要
Abstract
To systematically identify the gene flow patterns and adaptive introgression regions of Taiyanghua Horses during crossbreeding,an integrated analysis of population genetic structure,gene flow(f3-statistic,D-statistic,windowed D-statistic)and selection signatures(Fst,πratio,XP-CLR,iHS,XP-EHH)was performed based on genome-wide SNP data from whole-genome resequencing in Taiyanghua Horses(TYH,n=31),Mongolian Horses(MON,n=31)and Thoroughbred Horses(TB,n=32).The results showed that:1)The genetic differentiation(Fst=0.040 7)between TYH and TB was significantly lower than that between TYH and MON(Fst=0.068 5),and ADMIXTURE analysis revealed a mean Thoroughbred ancestry proportion of 76.5％.The D-statistic confirmed significant gene flow from TB to TYH(D=0.221 6,Z=29.1),with introgression signals dispersedly distributed across the whole genome.2)The introgression-selection co-localization integrated analysis identified 168 windows(covering 126 genes)in putative selected TB introgression regions,which were functionally enriched in immune regulation(IL-17 signaling pathway)and neural signaling pathways.3)It was estimated that 841 windows(covering 441 genes)were detected in putative selected regions with retained Mongolian horses ancestry,which were enriched in locomotor gait and neuromuscular function,including DMRT3,the key gene regulating equine gait.This study achieves the systematic integration of gene flow scanning and multi-method selection signature analysis in TYH,and reveals the coexisting molecular adaptive characteristics of Thoroughbred introgression and Mongolian horses ancestry retention during crossbreeding.关键词
太阳花马/种群遗传结构/基因流/选择扫描/适应性渗入Key words
Taiyanghua horses/population genetic structure/gene flow/selective sweep scanning/adaptive introgression分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
郑皓文,李操,乌兰巴特尔,崔盈,王增远,王勤..太阳花马基因流模式与适应性渗入特征分析[J].中国农业大学学报,2026,31(7):31-43,13.基金项目
新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(自治区级重点研发计划)(2023A02005-1) （自治区级重点研发计划）
