中国农业科学2026，Vol.59Issue(12)：2576-2590,15.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.12.004
平作双层覆盖对半湿润易旱区玉米籽粒灌浆特性及产量的影响
Effects of Dual Mulching Under Flat Cropping on Grain Filling Characteristics and Yield of Maize in Semi-Humid Drought-Prone Area
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To address the issue of reduced grain plumpness and yield caused by high soil temperatures under plastic film in semi-humid drought-prone areas,this study proposes a dual mulching approach using transparent plastic film and straw(TM+ST)under flat farming.This study analysed the regulatory mechanisms of TM+ST on grain filling characteristics and leaf photosynthetic physiology,aiming to provide theoretical and technical support for stable and high yields in dryland maize production[Method]A field experiment was conducted in Yangling,Shaanxi Province(semi-humid drought-prone area,with an average annual precipitation of 550 mm,accounting for 60%from July to September)from 2021 to 2022.Three mulching treatments were set up with no mulching as the control(CK):transparent plastic film mulching with flat cropping cultivation(TM),black plastic film mulching with flat cropping cultivation(BM),and a flat plot of transparent film mulching with whole maize stalks(TM+ST).The effects of different mulching measures on post-anthesis leaf area index(LAI),SPAD value,net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs),transpiration rate(Tr),dry matter accumulation,dynamics of grain weight increment,grain filling characteristics,yield and yield components of spring maize were explored.[Result]Compared with CK,mulching treatments significantly improved the green retention and photosynthetic production capacity of spring maize after anthesis,and improved the grain filling process and grain yield(an increase of 16.5%-48.9%).Compared with the single mulching treatments(TM and BM),TM+ST significantly improved the green retention of leaves,enhanced Pn,Gs,and Tr,and promoted dry matter accumulation after anthesis(an increase of 10.9%-12.6%).Moreover,TM+ST increased the grain weight at the maximum grain filling rate,maintained the highest grain filling rate at the gradual-growing period,prolonged the duration of grain filling at the fast-growing period,and prolonged the active stage of grain filling at slow-growing period.Ultimately,TM+ST treatment increased grain yield(V.S.TM and BM increased by 17.0%-17.2%)by enhancing"source"supply and optimizing grain filling process.[Conclusion]Dual mulching of transparent-plastic film and straw(TM+ST)could improve the green retention and photosynthetic production capacity of leaves after anthesis,optimize the grain filling process,and ultimately drive the maximization of grain weight to improve the yield of maize.关键词
半湿润易旱区/平作双层覆盖/灌浆特性/光合特性/玉米籽粒产量Key words
semi-humid drought-prone areas/dual mulch under flat crop/grain filling characteristics/photosynthetic characteristics/maize grain yield引用本文复制引用
杨永建,刘万茂,孙颖,路海东,Adnan Khan,贾彪,张世博..平作双层覆盖对半湿润易旱区玉米籽粒灌浆特性及产量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2026,59(12):2576-2590,15.基金项目
宁夏自然科学基金(2025AAC030191)、宁夏粮食作物种质创制与生长调控科技创新团队(2022BSB03109)、陕西省重点研发计划(2022-NY-197) （2025AAC030191）
