中国农业科学2026，Vol.59Issue(12)：2656-2670,15.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.12.009
土壤管理措施对小麦产量影响的全球Meta分析
Global Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Soil Management Practices on Wheat Yield
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Addressing the challenge of global food security posed by a growing population necessitates enhancements in both wheat yield and yield stability.However,soil management practices,such as conservation tillage and plastic film mulching,show significant potential for yield gain,and their effects are highly variable due to the influence of climate,soil properties,and agricultural management practices.Therefore,this study employe quantified the effects of different soil management practices on wheat yield and its stability by using global meta-analysis,and the key influencing factors were identified,aiming to provide a scientific basis for strategies to enhance global wheat productivity.[Method]Based on 1 755 paired observations from 280 published studies,a global meta-analysis was conducted to quantify the effects of four soil management practices(reduced/no-tillage,plastic film mulching,straw mulching,and straw incorporation)on wheat yield under varying climatic factors,soil properties,and agricultural management practices.Yield stability was systematically evaluated,the relative importance of key drivers(namely,climatic factors,soil properties,and agricultural management practices)were determined by using variance decomposition analysis.[Result]A comprehensive analysis demonstrated that plastic film mulching achieved optimal integrated outcomes with significant yield enhancement(31.0%)and improved stability(21.0%),being particularly suitable for environments characterized by moderate mean annual temperatures(15.1-20.0℃),drought conditions(precipitation＜200 mm in growing season),clay texture,high soil bulk density(＞1.5 g·cm-3),high soil fertility(soil organic matter＞20 g·kg-1,and available phosphorus＞30 mg·kg-1),and high planting density(seeding rate＞150 kg·hm-2).Straw incorporation increased yield by 6.1%without significant stability effects and adapted better to drought conditions(precipitation≤400 mm in growing season),medium-low soil bulk density(≤1.5 g·cm-3),and appropriate nitrogen application rates(100-150 kg N·hm-2).Although straw mulching provided limited yield increase(4.1%),it substantially improved yield stability(28.7%)and performed the best effect under moderate temperatures,drought conditions,sandy/loam soils,high bulk density,and suitable straw input(5-8 t·hm-2).Reduced/no-tillage showed no general yield enhancement,while it significantly improved yield stability(23.1%),with yield benefits becoming significant only under specific conditions,including low temperatures,drought conditions,sandy/loam soils,low fertilizer input(N＜100 kg·hm-2,K2O＜50 kg·hm-2),and low seeding rates(≤150 kg·hm-2).Random forest analysis revealed distinct dominant drivers for each practice:the yield effect of reduced/no-tillage was primarily driven by phosphorus application rate,growing season precipitation,and mean annual temperature;straw mulching by growing season precipitation,seeding rate,and mean annual temperature;plastic film mulching by growing season precipitation,soil organic matter,and mean annual temperature;and straw incorporation by straw input,mean annual temperature,and soil organic matter.[Conclusion]Plastic film mulching,straw incorporation,and straw mulching were effective practices for enhancing wheat yield,with plastic film mulching showing the most significant effect.As their effectiveness depended substantially on climatic factors,soil properties,and agronomic practices,region-specific practices should be selected based on local climate-soil conditions,combined with optimized agronomic strategies,to maximize yield potential.关键词
小麦产量/产量稳定性/地膜覆盖/秸秆覆盖/秸秆还田/少/免耕Key words
wheat yield/yield stability/plastic film mulching/straw mulching/straw incorporation/reduced/no-tillage引用本文复制引用
张烨,王文宁,朱靓萍,陈语涵,韩燕,张润泽,胡昌录,杨学云,张树兰..土壤管理措施对小麦产量影响的全球Meta分析[J].中国农业科学,2026,59(12):2656-2670,15.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1900402) （2023YFD1900402）
