中国比较医学杂志2026，Vol.36Issue(9)：1-17,17.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1671-7856.2026.09.001
大鼠糖尿病性白内障相关的关键通路及基因
Key signaling pathways and core genes involved in diabetic cataract in rats
摘要
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the pathogenesis of diabetic cataract(DC)by characterizing morphological,cellular,and transcriptional changes in the anterior lens capsule in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods A T2DM rat model was established using a high-fat,high-sugar diet and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin.Eye lenses were examined by slit-lamp microscopy and histological alterations were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining.Transcriptome sequencing of the lens capsule was carried out to identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs)and validated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR).Gene Ontology(GO),Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG),and Gene Set Enrichment Analyses(GSEA)were performed to investigate the predictive functions of DEGs and their associated biological pathways.Results Slit-lamp microscopy revealed progressive opacification in the lens in T2DM rats.HE staining showed disorganized cellular architecture and reduced density of lens epithelial cells(P＜0.01).Transcriptome sequencing identified 1 601 DEGs between T2DM and control rats,including 701 upregulated and 900 downregulated genes.Functional enrichment analyses indicated that most changes occurred in"visual perception""photoreceptor outer segment"and"Ca2+binding"(GO enrichment),as well as"phototransduction""MAPK signaling""PI3K-Akt signaling"and"cAMP signaling pathways"(KEGG enrichment).GSEA further demonstrated coordinated downregulation in visual signal-related pathways and upregulation in the apoptosis pathway in DM rats.The qPCR results of DEGs related to the above predictive functions analysis(Adgrv1,Cnga1,Cryga,Fgf9,Tlr4,and Casp12)from these pathways were consistent with transcriptome data.Conclusions This study identified transcriptional reprogramming in the anterior lens capsule of T2DM rats involved in multiple pathways critical for visual function and lens homeostasis.These findings clarify the pathogenesis of DC and provide potential biomarkers/targets for therapeutic intervention.关键词
糖尿病性白内障/关键通路/转录组分析/Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠模型/差异表达基因/晶状体上皮细胞Key words
diabetic cataract/key signlirg pathways/transcriptome analysis/type 2 diabetes mellitus rat models/differentially expressed genes/lens epithelial cells分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
于佳乐,吴一璠,吴佳楠,魏莹,胡珊珊,项子瀚,张越,苏冬梅..大鼠糖尿病性白内障相关的关键通路及基因[J].中国比较医学杂志,2026,36(9):1-17,17.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(82271070) （82271070）
北京市自然科学基金(7242101) （7242101）
中央研究院公益基金(2022GJZ02). （2022GJZ02）
