种子2026，Vol.45Issue(5)：151-160,169,11.DOI:10.16590/j.cnki.1001-4705.2026.05.151
48个枇杷品种果实品质的因子分析与综合评价
Factor Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of Fruit Quality of 48 Eriobotrya japonica Varieties
摘要
Abstract
Using 48 Eriobotrya japonica varieties collected and protected in the Guizhou Pear Resource Site,the external quality characteristics such as the length of the fruit stalk,the thickness of the fruit stalk,the length of the sepals,the width of the sepals,the depth of the sepal opening,the width of the sepal opening,the thickness of the fruit skin,the thickness of the fruit flesh,the number of seeds,the number of shriveled seeds,the weight of a single fruit,the fruit shape index,the edible rate,etc..as well as the internal quality characteristics such as the content of soluble solids,titratable acid,total sugar,vitamin C(Vc),sugar-acid ratio and acid-sugar ratio were analyzed.The correla-tions among the main traits of the fruits were studied and a comprehensive evaluation of the varieties was conducted.The results showed that the length of the fruit stalk and the depth of the sepal opening were significantly positively correlated with the weight of a single fruit.The thickness of the fruit stalk was significantly positively correlated with the fruit shape index,the length of the sepals was ex-tremely significantly positively correlated with the width of the sepals and both were significantly pos-itively correlated with the weight of a single fruit.The depth of the sepal opening was significantly positively correlated with the thickness of the fruit flesh and the weight of a single fruit,and was ex-tremely significantly positively correlated with the fruit shape index.The width of the sepals was sig-nificantly negatively correlated with the fruit shape index,the thickness of the fruit flesh,the weight of a single fruit and the edible rate were extremely significantly positively correlated.The number of seeds was extremely significantly positively correlated with the number of shriveled seeds.The soluble solids were extremely significantly positively correlated with the total sugar,Vc content,sugar-acid ratio and titratable acid and negatively correlated with the titratable acid.The total sugar was ex-tremely significantly positively correlated with the Vc content,sugar-acid ratio and sugar-acid ratio.Vc content was extremely significantly positively correlated with the sugar-acid ratio and acid-sugar ratio.The soluble solids were extremely significantly positively correlated with the total sugar con-tent,titratable acid and sugar-acid ratio,and negatively correlated with the titratable acid.The total sugar was extremely significantly positively correlated with the Vc content,sugar-acid ratio and acid-sugar ratio.Vc content was extremely significantly positively correlated with the sugar-acid ratio and acid-sugar ratio.The 13 main trait indicators of the external quality of the Eriobotrya japonica fruits were optimized into 4 indicators:the weight of a single fruit,the number of seeds,the fruit shape in-dex and the depth of the sepal opening.The 6 main trait indicators of the internal quality of the pear fruits were optimized into 4 indicators:the sugar-acid ratio,total sugar content,titratable acid and Vc content.The external quality comprehensive evaluation scores of the top 10 varieties were'Huangjinkuai','Jiaxingbai','Zaozhong No.6','96-1-21','Dachi','Huangyan No.5','Bahong','Xinzhong No.2','Qianxing'and'Jiefangzhong';the internal quality evaluation scores of the top 10 vari-eties were'Zaozhong No.3','Ruantiaobaisha','Xiangtian','Xinzhong No.5','Xinbai No.10','Qianxing','Guimi','Guifei','Senweizaosheng'and'Qianzao No.1'.The five-dimensional sorting graph and weighted score comprehensive analysis showed that among the 48 tested varieties,the top 10 in terms of quality performance were'Qianxing','Xinzhong No.5','Zaohong No.3','Ruantiaobaisha','Xiangtian','96-1-21','Senweizaosheng','Xinzhong No.2','Guifei'and'Dachi'.关键词
枇杷/果实品质/评价体系/品种改良Key words
Eriobotrya japonica L./fruit quality/evaluation system/variety improvement分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王道静,杨勇胜,江旭升,李庆宏,余桃,宴霜,郑乾明,魏椿..48个枇杷品种果实品质的因子分析与综合评价[J].种子,2026,45(5):151-160,169,11.基金项目
贵州省农业科技攻关项目(黔科合NY[2014]3023号) （黔科合NY[2014]3023号）
贵州省精品水果现代农业技术体系(GZYTX2018-) （GZYTX2018-）
贵州省农业科技创新联盟科技协同项目(黔农科创联盟合[2025]09号) （黔农科创联盟合[2025]09号）
贵阳市科技计划项目(筑科合同[2024]10-1号) （筑科合同[2024]10-1号）
贵阳现代农业种质资源创新与技术集成试验示范(筑财编[2025]1号文件) （筑财编[2025]1号文件）
