植物营养与肥料学报2026，Vol.32Issue(6)：1239-1252,14.DOI:10.11674/zwyf.2025422
监控施肥调控旱地小麦磷获取的机制
Regulatory mechanisms of optimized fertilization on phosphorus acquisition in dryland wheat
摘要
Abstract
[Objectives]To address the problem of excessive phosphorus fertilizer input and low utilization efficiency in winter wheat production on the Loess Plateau,this study explored the effects of phosphate fertilizer reduction on improving phosphorus utilization efficiency in wheat aiming to provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for fertilizer reduction and efficiency enhancement in the Loess Plateau.[Methods]This study was conducted based on a long-term quantitative fertilizer reduction experiment for winter wheat in southern Shanxi,China.A rhizobox experiment was performed to investigate the effects of farmer conventional fertilization(HP),optimized fertilization(MP),and optimized fertilization without phosphorus application(LP)on wheat root morphology,plant phosphorus content and phosphatase activity in roots and rhizosphere soil.The mechanisms underlying the effects of phosphorus fertilizer reduction on rhizosphere soil phosphorus transformation and wheat phosphorus uptake were further explored.[Results]Compared with the HP treatment,wheat plant height significantly increased under LP and MP treatments,while chlorophyll content increased by16%and 14%,respectively.The LP treatment exhibited the greatest root length(137.62 cm)and phosphatase activity(0.62 U/g).Due to long-term difference in phosphorus application rates,soil available phosphorus(AP)varied among treatments,resulting in significant differences in total phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus content in roots(P<0.05),with the HP treatment exhibiting significantly higher than the MP and LP treatments.In the rhizosphere soil,acid phosphatase activity(ACP)and alkaline phosphatase activity(ALP)under the HP treatment were 15.88 and 53.68 nmol/(g·h),respectively,both significantly lower than those under the MP and LP treatments.Specifically,ACP activity under the MP and LP treatments was 1.45 and 1.57 times that under the HP treatment,respectively;while ALP activity was 1.35 and 1.34 times that under the HP treatment.In the bulk soil,microbial biomass phosphorus(MBP)content under HP and MP treatments was significantly higher than under LP treatment,being 1.62 and 1.38 times greater,respectively.In contrast,soil MBP content showed no significant differences among the three treatments in the rhizosphere soil(P>0.05).Correlation analysis revealed that total phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus content in roots of wheat showed highly significant positive correlations with soil AP content(P<0.01);while root phosphatase activity,rhizosphere soil ACP and ALP activity exhibited significant negative correlations with AP content(P<0.01).Moreover,whether in rhizosphere or bulk soil,soil organic carbon and total nitrogen content showed significant negative correlations with AP content,while exhibiting positive correlations with root phosphatase activity,soil ACP and ALP activity(P<0.05).In the rhizosphere soil,soil pH showed a highly positive correlation with AP content,and an extremely significant negative correlation with root phosphatase activity,soil ACP and ALP activity(P<0.001).[Conclusions]Under the optimized fertilization(MP and LP)treatments,wheat optimizes root morphology enhances root phosphatase activity,and synergistically increases soil phosphatase activity.These responses improve the rhizosphere microenvironment,ultimately promoting wheat growth and phosphorus uptake.关键词
减肥/冬小麦/根系形态/磷酸酶活性/磷获取Key words
fertilizer reduction/winter wheat/root morphology/phosphatase activity/phosphorus acquisition引用本文复制引用
杨丹宁,马艺瑄,潘凯,王强,黄婷苗,段成娇,李廷亮..监控施肥调控旱地小麦磷获取的机制[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2026,32(6):1239-1252,14.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(42407452,42377356) （42407452,42377356）
山西省基础研究计划项目(202303021222050) （202303021222050）
山西农业大学"引进人才科研启动工程"项目(2023BQ121) （2023BQ121）
山西省科技创新人才团队专项(202304051001042) （202304051001042）
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1900700) （2021YFD1900700）
山西农业大学大学生创新训练计划项目(S202510113030). （S202510113030）
