环境工程学报2026，Vol.20Issue(6)：1706-1715,10.DOI:10.12030/j.cjee.202505108
高寒地区露天矿退化生态系统地上-地下协同恢复原理与技术的研究进展与展望
Research progress and prospects on the principles and technologies of above-ground and below-ground coordinated restoration of degraded ecosystems of open-pit mines in high-cold region
摘要
Abstract
Open-pit mining in high-cold regions has caused vegetation degradation,soil structure damage,and frequent freeze–thaw disturbances,which significantly increase the difficulty and complexity of restoring plant communities and ecosystem functions.This research systematically reviewed the current status of ecological degradation,related theories,and key restoration technologies in high-cold mining areas.Through a comparison with typical degraded mining ecosystems in High-cold Regions both within China and internationally,this study identified major ecological issues characterized by frequent freeze-thaw cycles,hydrological disruption,wind erosion,and difficulties in vegetation establishment.To strengthen the concept of above-ground and below-ground coordinated restoration,this study emphasized that:1)Above-ground restoration should focus on selecting cold-tolerant native plant species and optimizing mixed sowing configurations,combined with multimicrobial consortium techniques to promote vegetation recovery;2)Below-ground restoration should be based on engineering soil profile reconstruction,integrating physical,chemical,and biological restoration measures to achieve the reconstruction and functional recovery of above-ground and below-ground biotic communities;and 3)A progressive restoration framework should be established,with short-term goals focusing on soil stabilization and structural improvement,medium-term goals on building multifunctional plant–soil communities,and long-term goals on achieving self-sustaining and low-maintenance ecosystems.Finally,in view of the unclear synergistic mechanisms between above-ground and below-ground biotic communities and the insufficient environmental adaptability of restoration technologies in high-cold mining areas,this study proposed:1)Deepening research on above-ground and below-ground synergistic mechanisms to reveal the interaction patterns between cold-tolerant microorganisms and plants;and 2)Promoting the development of specialized restoration technologies adapted to high-cold environments.关键词
露天矿/生态恢复/土壤重构/植物群落重建/高寒地区Key words
open pit mine/ecological restoration/soil reconstruction/plant community rehabilitation/high-cold region分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
张乃莉,尉桐瑞,李星轩,徐长友,刘永杰,曲来叶..高寒地区露天矿退化生态系统地上-地下协同恢复原理与技术的研究进展与展望[J].环境工程学报,2026,20(6):1706-1715,10.基金项目
国家电投集团内蒙古能源有限公司项目(360018JX0120230003) （360018JX0120230003）
