丝绸2026，Vol.63Issue(7)：75-84,10.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7003.2026.07.009
基于球磨甘蔗渣基炭制备超疏水吸波织物
Preparation of superhydrophobic cotton fabrics with microwave absorption property based on ball-milled sugarcane bagasse-based carbon
摘要
Abstract
With the rapid popularization of modern electronic equipment and wireless communication technologies,electromagnetic interference is regarded as a prominent problem in daily life,industrial production and national defense fields.It not only disrupts the stable operation of precision electronic instruments and communication systems,but also causes long-term adverse impacts on human physiological health.Conventional microwave-absorbing materials generally suffer from poor water resistance and anti-fouling capacity.When they are exposed to humid or polluted environments,their absorption efficiency declines sharply,which greatly limits their practical application scope and service lifespan.To solve the above problems,this manuscript adopts waste sugarcane bagasse,a widely available,low-cost and environmentally benign agricultural residue,as the raw material to develop a new type of multifunctional fabric with combined superhydrophobicity and microwave absorption.The core purpose is to explore the effects of ball milling speed and duration on the particle size distribution,microscopic structure and surface characteristics of sugarcane bagasse-based carbon,and comprehensively assess the performance of the modified functional fabrics. In the experiment,raw sugarcane bagasse was first dried,carbonized at high temperature and activated by potassium hydroxide to prepare pristine biomass carbon.The as-obtained carbon was then treated with a planetary ball mill under different operating parameters to adjust particle size and dispersion state.After parameter optimization,the qualified ball-milled carbon was mixed with polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS),and the composite coating was loaded onto the cotton fabric via a facile dip-coating method.A complete set of characterization tests were conducted,including dynamic light scattering analysis for particle size,scanning electron microscopy(SEM)for microstructure observation,water contact angle measurement for hydrophobicity,vector network analysis for microwave absorption performance,as well as ultrasonic washing,Martindale abrasion,moisture permeability and softness tests for practical performance evaluation.The experimental results reveal that increasing ball milling speed and time can significantly reduce the particle size of carbon materials and make the particle distribution more uniform.The optimal ball milling condition is 200 r/min for 6 h.Under this condition,the carbon material still preserves its inherent porous skeleton and complete pore channels,which is conducive to firm combination with fabric substrates.The fabricated functional fabric achieves a water contact angle of 155.6°,presenting excellent superhydrophobicity and superior repellency against daily liquids such as milk,orange juice and coffee.Its minimum reflection loss is-33.188 dB,indicating excellent microwave absorption performance.After 10 cycles of ultrasonic washing and 6 000 times of mechanical friction,the fabric still maintains a water contact angle above 150° and stable wave-absorbing property,showing excellent mechanical and washing durability.Meanwhile,the fabric retains acceptable moisture permeability and softness,meeting the basic wearing comfort requirements of textiles. The research innovatively combines mechanical ball milling modification with biomass carbon materials,which effectively remedies the shortcomings of large particle size and weak interfacial adhesion of original bagasse carbon.The prepared fabric integrates superhydrophobicity,microwave absorption and high durability into one system.The whole preparation process is eco-friendly,economical and easy to operate.This multifunctional material possesses broad application prospects in electromagnetic protective clothing,shielding accessories for electronic devices and interior decorative textiles.In future research,we will further optimize the impedance matching and effective absorption bandwidth of the material to expand its application in various complex electromagnetic environments.关键词
甘蔗渣基炭/球磨/吸波/超疏水/耐久Key words
sugarcane bagasse-based carbon/ball-milled/microwave-absorbing/superhydrophobic/durability分类
化学化工引用本文复制引用
施小淋,王忠坚,徐丽慧,潘虹,姚程健,赵红,朱倩倩,沈子晗,王玉梅,张伟俊..基于球磨甘蔗渣基炭制备超疏水吸波织物[J].丝绸,2026,63(7):75-84,10.基金项目
上海市自然科学基金项目面上项目(21ZR1426200) （21ZR1426200）
国家先进印染技术创新中心科研基金项目(2022GCJJ22) （2022GCJJ22）
国家自然科学基金项目(51703123) （51703123）
