安徽农学通报2026，Vol.32Issue(15)：5-8,17,5.DOI:10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.15.002
配方肥及缓释肥施用模式在小麦生产上的应用效果
Application effect of formula fertilizer and slow-release fertilizer application patterns in wheat production
摘要
Abstract
To evaluate the application effects of formula fertilizer and slow-release fertilizers in wheat production,a split-plot experiment was conducted using wheat cultivar Yanhong 2000 as the test material.Five fertilizer types were tested,including conventional compound fertilizer(15-15-15),formulated fertilizer,and three slow-release fertilizers(26-12-12,25-14-6,and 25-15-8).8 fertilization treatments were established as follows:Treatment A received conventional compound fertilizer as base dressing with split applications of urea topdressing;Treatment B received formulated fertilizer as base dressing with urea and potassium chloride topdressing;Treatments C,E,and G received one of the three slow-release fertilizers as base dressing,each supplemented with urea topdressing at the jointing stage;Treatments D,F,and H received only the corresponding slow-release fertilizers as base dressing without any topdressing.Agronomic traits including total stem and tiller number,plant height,yield components such as kernel number per spike and 1 000-kernel weight,as well as grain yield were measured,and economic benefits were calculated.The results showed that the total stem and tiller numbers of treatment B and treatment C at jointing stage,peak stage,full heading stage and maturity stage were significantly higher than those of treatment A(P<0.05).Compared with treatment A,the spike number,kernel number per spike,seed setting rate and 1000-kernel weight of treatment B increased by 7.76%,11.66%,7.36 percentage points and 7.92%,respectively,while those of treatment C increased by 10.71%,13.31%,7.98 percentage points and 9.61%,respectively(P<0.05).The grain yield and straw yield of treatment B were 611.44 and 679.14 kg/667 m²,respectively,and those of treatment C were 628.78 and 711.42 kg/667 m²,respectively.The differences between these two treatments and treatment A were statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with treatment A,the output value of treatment B and treatment C increased by 10.10%and 13.22%,and the net income increased by 29.00%and 32.89%,respectively,with both treatments achieving an input-output ratio of 2.22.In summary,two fertilization methods—applying formula fertilizer(22-8-10)at 48 kg/667 m² as base fertilizer combined with urea(11 kg/667 m²)and potassium chloride(4.3 kg/667 m²)topdressing at jointing stage,and applying slow-release fertilizer(26-12-12)at 45 kg/667 m² as base fertilizer combined with urea(5.6 kg/667 m²)topdressing at jointing stage—can improve wheat plant height,spike number,kernel number per spike,seed setting rate and 1 000-kernel weight,thereby increasing output value and economic benefits.Both methods are suitable for popularization and application in wheat production.关键词
小麦/缓释肥料/农艺性状/小麦产量/配方肥Key words
wheat/slow-release fertilizer/agronomic traits/wheat yield/formula fertilizer分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
孙楠,李山东,裴晨铃,阮流洋,罗桂杰..配方肥及缓释肥施用模式在小麦生产上的应用效果[J].安徽农学通报,2026,32(15):5-8,17,5.基金项目
泗阳县测土配方施肥及耕地保护与质量提升项目. （）
