地质与勘探2026，Vol.62Issue(4)：669-686,18.DOI:10.12134/j.dzykt.2026.04.002
全球镍矿资源分布、成矿规律与勘查开发形势
Distribution,Metallogenic Regularity,and Exploration and Development Situation of Global Nickel Resources
摘要
Abstract
Nickel is one of China's strategic mineral resources.With the rapid advancement of global energy transition and green sustainable development,the structure of global nickel demand is expected to undergo significant changes,with demand projected to continue growing,leading to increasingly severe supply-demand dynamics.China's dependence on foreign nickel ore exceeds 85%,which has posed serious challenges to secure supply.Against this background,it is of great practical significance to study the global distribution,metallogenic regularity,and exploration and development trends of nickel resources.Results show that:(1)Global nickel resources are highly concentrated,with 94.26%of nickel reserves distributed across ten countries:Indonesia(34.92%),Australia,Brazil,Canada,Russia,the Philippines,Cuba,China,New Caledonia,and Finland.(2)Laterite-type deposits are dominant.Global nickel deposits can be classified into magmatic sulfide,laterite,seafloor manganese nodule,hydrothermal,and sedimentary types,among which laterite-type nickel deposits account for 55%of global nickel reserves,and magmatic sulfide-type for 35%.(3)There are 16 major nickel metallogenic belts worldwide,including eight laterite-type and eight magmatic sulfide-type belts.(4)The pattern of mineral exploration investment is clear.Canada and Australia are the largest investors in global nickel exploration,together accounting for approximately 60%,followed by the United States,Indonesia,Russia,Tanzania,China,Botswana,Finland,Brazil,the Philippines,and others.(5)Indonesia is the world's largest nickel producer,accounting for 66.67%of global nickel production in 2025,making it the center of global nickel supply and profoundly reshaping the global nickel industry chain.(6)A structural shift in nickel supply sources has occurred,with laterite-type nickel deposits replacing magmatic sulfide-type as the dominant global nickel supplier,accounting for 78.97%of global nickel production in 2025.(7)Global nickel mining mergers and acquisitions are highly concentrated in Canada and Australia.(8)Since the beginning of the 21st century,newly discovered large nickel deposits and newly identified nickel resources worldwide have been mainly distributed in Indonesia.关键词
全球镍矿/资源分布/矿床类型/成矿规律/勘查开发形势Key words
global nickel resources/resource distribution/deposit type/metallogenic regularity/exploration and development situation分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
陈喜峰,唐金荣,彭润民,张福良,陈秀法,杨宗喜,马彦云,马风华..全球镍矿资源分布、成矿规律与勘查开发形势[J].地质与勘探,2026,62(4):669-686,18.基金项目
深地国家科技重大专项(编号:2025ZD1007001)和中国地质调查局地质调查项目(编号:DD202609101804)联合资助. （编号:2025ZD1007001）
