四川大学学报（医学版）2026，Vol.57Issue(4)：985-992,8.DOI:10.12182/20260760103
PM2.5及其化学组分长期暴露对中老年人衰弱发生的影响:一项前瞻性队列研究
Effect of Long-term Exposure to PM2.5 and Its Chemical Components on Frailty Incidence in Middle-aged and Older Adults in China:A Prospective Cohort Study
摘要
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its chemical components on frailty risk among middle-aged and older adults in China.Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)collected between 2011 and 2020 and the Tracking Air Pollution(TAP)dataset.The frailty status of the participants was assessed using the frailty index.A time-dependent Cox proportional hazards model was applied to examine the associations between frailty risk and long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its chemical components,including black carbon,organic matter,sulfate,nitrate,and ammonium.Results A total of 9 603 participants were included in the analysis.After adjusting for potential confounders,each interquartile range increase in the average PM2.5 concentration during the preceding year was associated with a 10.0%higher risk of frailty(hazard ratio[HR]=1.100,95%CI:1.015-1.193).For individual chemical components,each interquartile range increase in the one-year average concentrations of organic matter,black carbon,ammonium,sulfate,and nitrate,the participants were exposed to was associated with a 14.2%(HR=1.142,95%CI:1.055-1.236),13.1%(HR=1.131,95%CI:1.041-1.229),9.8%(HR=1.098,95%CI:1.010-1.194),8.8%(HR=1.088,95%CI:0.996-1.187),and 8.1%(HR=1.081,95%CI:0.996-1.172)higher risk of frailty,respectively.Conclusion Long-term exposures to PM2.5 and its chemical components,particularly black carbon,organic matter,and ammonium,were associated with a higher risk of frailty among middle-aged and older adults in China.Priority should be given to strengthening emission control of black carbon and organic aerosols to mitigate the public health burden of air pollution in the context of an aging society.关键词
衰弱/细颗粒物/公共卫生/前瞻性研究Key words
Frailty/Fine particulate matter/Public health/Prospective study引用本文复制引用
陈坤,刘倩,吴晨晨,杨力华,林小军..PM2.5及其化学组分长期暴露对中老年人衰弱发生的影响:一项前瞻性队列研究[J].四川大学学报（医学版）,2026,57(4):985-992,8.基金项目
This study was supported by National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2024ZD0523900,2024ZD0523901). 国家科技重大专项(No.2024ZD0523900、No.2024ZD0523901)资助 （No.2024ZD0523900,2024ZD0523901）
