上海交通大学学报（医学版）2026，Vol.46Issue(7)：839-846,8.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2026.07.002
金黄色葡萄球菌毒素-抗毒素系统的生存适应与致病机制研究进展
Research progress in adaptive survival and pathogenic mechanisms of toxin-antitoxin systems in Staphylococcus aureus
摘要
Abstract
Toxin-antitoxin systems(TAS)are widely distributed in bacteria and archaea,typically consisting of a toxin that inhibits bacterial growth and a cognate antitoxin that neutralizes its toxicity.These systems have been recognized as key regulators of bacterial growth,metabolism,and pathogenesis.Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)is an important clinical pathogen that can cause a wide range of diseases,ranging from skin and soft tissue infections to sepsis and endocarditis.Studies have shown that TAS play important roles in stress resistance,persister cell formation,and biofilm development in S.aureus.Elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms is essential for understanding the pathogenic characteristics of S.aureus and for developing novel antibacterial strategies.Here,This review summarizes the classification and structural features of TAS in S.aureus and discuss their functions in adaptive survival and virulence regulation.It focuses on how,under nutrient limitation or antibiotic pressure,TAS interfere with DNA replication and protein synthesis to induce a metabolically dormant state,thereby contributing to phenotypic tolerance and persister cell formation.This review further describes how TAS modulate virulence factor expression through global regulatory networks and how certain TAS-encoded toxins directly damage eukaryotic membranes to promote bacterial invasion and dissemination.Additionally,it highlights the contribution of the type Ⅶ secretion system to toxin export,which provides a competitive advantage to S.aureus within polymicrobial communities.This review systematically summarizes the structural characteristics and functional modes of different types of TAS in S.aureus,aiming to deepen the understanding of its pathogenic mechanisms and to provide theoretical references and research directions for the development of novel TAS-targeted antibacterial strategies.关键词
金黄色葡萄球菌/毒素-抗毒素系统/持留菌/生物被膜/细菌致病Key words
Staphylococcus aureus/toxin-antitoxin system/persister cell/biofilm/pathogenicity分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
谢忻妮,吕言,李敏,王亚楠..金黄色葡萄球菌毒素-抗毒素系统的生存适应与致病机制研究进展[J].上海交通大学学报（医学版）,2026,46(7):839-846,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(82472288) （82472288）
上海交通大学医学院"双百人"项目(20250502). National Natural Science Foundation of China(82472288) （20250502）
"Two-hundred Talents"Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(20250502). （20250502）
