摘要
Abstract
Over more than a century of socialist practice in the world,China has emerged as a model country in the development of socialism.Its economic theory,economic system,and economic practice under socialism with Chinese characteristics have become increasingly rich and mature.Therefore,it is necessary to construct a systematic economic theory to better guide the modernization drive with Chinese characteristics.However,the ongoing controversy surrounding the research object of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics has weakened its guiding role in economic development practice,which leaves the practical experience of China's economic development still lacking a systematic and robust theoretical explanation.Scientifically defining the research object of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics has therefore become an urgent requirement and a key challenge in constructing a systematic economic theory.
Political economy has undergone a disciplinary evolution from classical political economy,Marxist political economy,and socialist political economy to socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics.Correspondingly,its research object has also evolved over time.By comparing and analyzing the evolutionary characteristics of the research objects of classical political economy(focusing on the growth of wealth),Marxist political economy(focusing on capitalist relations of production),and socialist political economy(focusing on socialist relations of production),this paper summarizes three developmental patterns in the research object of political economy.First,the research object of political economy is historically and spatially conditioned,exhibiting variations across different types of socioeconomic formations and across different stages of development within the same type of socioeconomic formation.Second,political economy conducts its research centering on the contradictory movement between the productive forces and the relations of production.Third,the relations of production constitute a dynamic concept,varying in nature across different stages of development of the productive forces;even relations of production of the same nature manifest differently under different levels of development of the productive forces.On this basis,the paper proposes that the research object of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics is the socialist relations of production with Chinese characteristics.Moreover,it is essential to study the relations of production in connection with the productive forces at the primary stage of socialism,and to study the economic base in connection with the superstructure at the primary stage of socialism.
Socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics needs to be problem-oriented,focusing on the practical issues arising in the process of Chinese modernization,providing correct answers that meet the demands of the times,and summarizing the objective laws of socialist economic development,so as to offer theoretical guidance and support for Chinese modernization.To advance the innovative development of the research object of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics,it is necessary to properly handle the following major relationships:first,the relationship between the basic principles of Marxism and the practice of China's socialist economic construction;second,the relationship between new quality productive forces and new forms of production relations;third,the relationship between the basic socialist economic system and the modernization of state governance;and fourth,the relationship between the research object of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics and its theoretical system.
Scientifically defining the research object of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics is,from a theoretical perspective,not only an important step in advancing the Sinicization and modernization of Marxism,but also a key task in constructing a systematic economic theory.From a practical perspective,it represents both a theoretical distillation and historical inevitability of the developmental practice of China's socialist economy,and serves as an important theoretical underpinning for achieving the great victory of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new historical context.关键词
政治经济学研究对象/中国特色社会主义/马克思主义基本原理/生产关系/生产力/新质生产力Key words
objects of political economy/socialism with Chinese characteristics/basic principles of Marxism/relations of production/productive forces/new quality productive forces分类
管理科学
