计算机科学与探索2026，Vol.20Issue(8)：2223-2240,18.DOI:10.3778/j.issn.1673-9418.2512045
大语言模型在水利领域的应用现状及进展研究
Research on Application Status and Progress of Large Language Model in Water Conservancy Field
摘要
Abstract
Smart water conservancy is a crucial measure for promoting the efficient utilization of water resources and the modernization of water governance,and has become a core direction for the transformation and upgrading of the water conservancy sector.During the current construction process,it still faces problems such as heterogeneous multi-source data,insufficient coupling between mechanisms and data models,and limited level of business intelligence,which makes it difficult to fully support the demand for scientific decision-making in complex water conservancy scenarios.Large lan-guage model(LLM),relying on its advantages in knowledge representation,semantic reasoning and natural interaction,shows broad potential in empowering smart water conservancy.From the three core dimensions of technical system,busi-ness paradigm and system integration,this paper systematically reviews the research progress of LLM in the water conser-vancy field,sorts out the core technical systems of LLM empowering smart water conservancy,including knowledge en-hancement,parameter optimization,interaction optimization,multi-modal fusion and agent development,and analyzes the dataset construction and evaluation methods of LLM in the water conservancy field.It deeply examines the transforma-tion of business paradigms driven by LLM in core scenarios such as basin flood control,water resource allocation,and construction,operation and maintenance of water conservancy projects.It also summarizes three types of system integra-tion models and technical pathways for business implementation,namely knowledge enhancement-driven,professional model coupling,and agent collaboration.Finally,the development trends of the in-depth integration of LLM and smart water conservancy are summarized and prospected,aiming to provide theoretical reference and practical experience for the in-telligent and smart transformation of the water conservancy sector.关键词
智慧水利/大语言模型/技术体系/业务范式/系统集成Key words
smart water conservancy/large language model/technical system/business paradigm/system integration分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
李小龙,徐弈,马凯,崔文超,易爽..大语言模型在水利领域的应用现状及进展研究[J].计算机科学与探索,2026,20(8):2223-2240,18.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(U2340211) （U2340211）
湖北长江三峡滑坡国家野外科学观测研究站开放基金(2025KHB05). This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2340211),and the Open Fund of Hubei Yangtze River Three Gorges Landslide National Field Scientific Observation Research Station(2025KHB05). （2025KHB05）
