水土保持研究2026，Vol.33Issue(5)：45-54,62,11.DOI:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2026.05.017
砾石粒径及含量对露天采石矿松散堆积体入渗特性的影响
Effects of gravel particle size and content on infiltration characteristics of loose deposits in open-pit quarries
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study aims to investigate the effects of different gravel particle sizes and contents in the dump of an open-pit quarry on the soil water infiltration patterns of loose deposits,providing a basis for soil erosion prevention,comprehensive management,and ecological restoration in open-pit quarries.[Methods]A laboratory one-dimensional vertical constant-head method was used to simulate the soil infiltration process.Infiltration experiments were conducted on loose deposits under different gravel particle sizes(5～10 mm,10～20 mm,20～40 mm,and composite particle sizes)and gravel contents(30%,40%,and 50%),and the applicability of four infiltration models in open-pit quarries was evaluated.[Results](1)The soil water infiltration process in loose deposits could be divided into three stages:wetting(0～20 min),percolation(20～180 min),and stabilization(after 180 min).During the wetting stage,the infiltration rate was the highest.As the infiltration time increased,the infiltration rate first decreased and then tended to stabilize.(2)Under single-variable conditions,as gravel content increased from 30%to 50%,the soil water infiltration rate and wetting front migration distance gradually decreased.As the gravel size range increased from 5 mm to 40 mm,the soil infiltration rate and wetting front migration distance gradually increased.(3)The fitting results of the Kostiakov model,Philip model,General model,and Horton model for the soil water infiltration process in loose deposits showed differences.Among them,the Kostiakov model and the General model showed the best fitting performance(R²>0.9,RMSE<0.25).(4)Gravel particle size showed a significant positive correlation with the initial infiltration rate,average infiltration rate,and cumulative infiltration(p<0.01),and a positive correlation with the stable infiltration rate(p<0.05).Gravel content showed a highly significant positive correlation with infiltration time(p<0.001),a significant negative correlation with wetting front migration distance(p<0.01),and a negative correlation with the average infiltration rate and stable infiltration rate(p<0.05).[Conclusion]Optimizing the proportions of gravel particle size and content for soil reconstruction can suppress water loss in loose quarry deposits,thereby improving water use efficiency and ecological stability.The Kostiakov model and the General model demonstrate the best applicability for fitting the infiltration process of loose deposits in quarries.关键词
土壤入渗/入渗模型/松散堆积体/露天采石矿区/生态修复Key words
soil infiltration/infiltration model/loose deposits/open-pit quarry/ecological restoration分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
邓炜展,吴川,张艳,史常青,赵廷宁..砾石粒径及含量对露天采石矿松散堆积体入渗特性的影响[J].水土保持研究,2026,33(5):45-54,62,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(41907047) （41907047）
内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2023YFDZ0025) （2023YFDZ0025）
