华南农业大学学报2026，Vol.47Issue(5)：745-756,12.DOI:10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.202605031
AI驱动的作物育种技术革新与应用
AI-driven innovation and applications in crop breeding technology
摘要
Abstract
The growth rate of global grain production can no longer meet the demands arising from population expansion.Meanwhile,climate change,cultivated land degradation and environmental stress are further exacerbating the vulnerability of the food production system.Ensuring food security is fundamental to maintain the stability and sustainable development of human society.Crop breeding is the pivotal technical means to achieve this goal.Developing new crop varieties with high yield,superior quality,and multiple resistances have become the core pathway to safeguard agricultural sustainable development and global food supply.However,traditional breeding techniques suffer from long cycles,low accuracy and limited efficiency,which cannot satisfy the development requirements of modern seed industry.The rapid iteration of artificial intelligence(AI)technology has injected new intelligent momentum into the innovation of crop breeding,driving the transformation of breeding technology from traditional experience-based breeding to precise,intelligent and efficient breeding.In this review,we summarized the development of crop breeding,and focused on the innovative breakthroughs of genomic selection,precision genome editing,protein design and high-throughput phenotyping driven by AI.We also further elaborated the intelligent driving effects exerted by these technologies on key breeding links involving germplasm mining,gene function analysis,directional trait improvement,intelligent phenotypic assessment and intelligent factory breeding.Finally,we discussed the challenges and future developmental prospects of AI deployment in crop breeding,aiming to provide a reference for the innovation and industrial application of intelligent breeding technologies.关键词
育种历程/人工智能/作物育种/智能育种Key words
Breeding process/Artificial intelligence/Crop breeding/Intelligent breeding分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李顺媚,徐静怡,刘锐英,谭翠容,祝钦泷,谢勇尧..AI驱动的作物育种技术革新与应用[J].华南农业大学学报,2026,47(5):745-756,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(32270671,32441055) （32270671,32441055）
广州市科技计划(2025A04J3407) （2025A04J3407）
国家级大学生创新创业训练计划(202510564286) （202510564286）
