华南农业大学学报2026，Vol.47Issue(5)：898-906,9.DOI:10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.202511005
60份芥菜种质资源表型性状遗传多样性分析
Genetic diversity analysis of phenotypic traits in 60 mustard germplasm resources
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To systematically evaluate the genetic diversity of phenotypic traits in mustard(Brassica juncea Coss)germplasm resources and to enhance their innovative utilization.[Method]A total of 60 mustard germplasm resources were assessed based on 13 qualitative and 10 quantitative traits.Statistical analyses included variation analysis,principal component analysis,correlation analysis,and cluster analysis.[Result]Significant variations were observed in plant type and leaf morphology among the 60 mustard germplasm resources.The genetic diversity index of quantitative traits was higher than that of qualitative traits.Correlation analysis revealed strong associations among phenotypic traits.Among the yield-related traits,tiller number showed highly significant positive correlations with both the number of rosette leaves and single plant weight.Plant height,plant spread,and single plant weight were also significantly positively correlated with each other.According to the principle of eigenvalue greater than 1,six principal components associated with 11 phenotypic traits were extracted,accounting for a cumulative variance contribution rate of 75.999%.These components represented key phenotypic characteristics such as plant type,growth vigor,leaf morphology and tillering ability,and can serve as important morphological indicators for parent selection in breeding new mustard varieties.Cluster analysis classified the 60 germplasm resources into six distinct groups.Group II exhibited medium plant height,erect plant type,relatively long leaves,and doubly serrated leaf margin.Group IV and VI displayed leaves without lobes and mainly wavy leaf margins.Group V displayed a plant height of over 80 cm,erect plant type,mosaic leaves,and leaf lobes mostly deeply or completely divided,representing local mustard types from Meizhou,namely'Sangengli'or its derivative types.[Conclusion]This study revealed the genetic diversity of mustard germplasm resources from multiple perspectives,providing a foundation for enhancing the efficiency of germplasm utilization.关键词
芥菜/种质资源/表型性状/遗传多样性/聚类分析Key words
Brassica juncea Coss/Germplasm resource/Phenotypic trait/Genetic diversity/Cluster analysis分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张晓艳,郭巨先,林育炯,曾小斌,邹妍..60份芥菜种质资源表型性状遗传多样性分析[J].华南农业大学学报,2026,47(5):898-906,9.基金项目
广州市重点研发计划"农业和社会发展科技专题"项目(2025B03J0018) （2025B03J0018）
广东省科技支撑"百千万工程"项目(2024A0301088,2025A03032005) （2024A0301088,2025A03032005）
