河南农业科学2026，Vol.55Issue(8)：10-21,12.DOI:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2026.08.002
耕作方式配施有机物料对黑钙土玉米产量和品质的影响
Effects of Tillage Method Combined with Organic Material Application on Yield and Quality of Maize in Chernozem
摘要
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted from 2024 to 2025 to investigate the effects of tillage methods[no tillage(NT),deep tillage(PT),and rotary tillage(RT)]combined with organic materials[straw(S),straw plus pig manure(SM),straw plus fulvic acid organic fertilizer(SH),and straw plus microbial organic fertilizer(SW)]on maize plant height,SPAD value,aboveground dry matter accumulation,yield and its components,and grain quality,so as to identify suitable tillage method and organic material for yield stability and quality improvement in the chernozem region.The results showed that,among different tillage methods,PT treatment generally had the highest plant height,aboveground dry matter accumulation at maturity,ear number,kernel number per ear,yield,and grain starch content.Compared with NT treatment,the yield of PT treatment increased by 9.4%and 5.0%in 2024 and 2025,respectively.RT treatment had the highest 100-grain weight,crude protein content,total amino acid content,lysine content,and leucine content.Among different organic materials,yield showed interannual variation,S treatment had the highest yield in 2024,and SH treatment had the highest yield in 2025;SW treatment had the highest aboveground dry matter accumulation at maturity;SM treatment had the highest starch content;SH treatment had the highest crude protein,crude fat,and total amino acid contents.Among different treatment combinations,PTSW treatment had the highest yield in 2024,reaching 11 576.2 kg/ha,which was 21.3%higher than that of NTN(no tillage and organic material)treatment;in 2025,PTSH treatment had the highest yield,reaching 14 590.2 kg/ha,which was 21.2%higher than that of NTN treatment;PTSM treatment had the highest starch content of 65.08%,which was 2.1%higher than that of NTN treatment;RTS treatment had the highest crude protein content of 8.71%,which was 16.8%higher than that of NTN treatment;RTSH treatment had the highest total amino acid content of 4.14%,which was 18.7%higher than that of NTN treatment.Yield was significantly positively correlated with plant height,100-grain weight,ear number,kernel number per ear,crude protein content,and aboveground dry matter accumulation.Overall,PT treatment can be considered a suitable tillage method for yield stability and quality improvement of maize in the chernozem region,among organic materials,SH treatment shows balanced overall performance,and PTSH treatment can be recommended as a priority combination for yield stability and quality improvement.关键词
玉米/耕作方式/有机物料/产量/籽粒品质Key words
Maize/Tillage method/Organic material/Yield/Grain quality分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李培博,梁运江,蔡红光,范围,李晓林,张水梅,刘熙明,赵震琳,张畅,闫金垚,梁尧..耕作方式配施有机物料对黑钙土玉米产量和品质的影响[J].河南农业科学,2026,55(8):10-21,12.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1501100) （2023YFD1501100）
吉林省自然科学基金项目(20220301018NY) （20220301018NY）
吉林省第七批青年科技人才支持项目(QT202318) （QT202318）
