机电工程技术2026，Vol.55Issue(15)：62-66,78,6.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1009-9492.2026.15.010
基于漏磁机理的起重机钢丝绳断丝检测
Broken Wire Detection of Crane Wire Ropes Based on Magnetic Flux Leakage Mechanism
摘要
Abstract
During the operation of a crane,the steel wire rope,as the main load-bearing component,its health condition directly affects the safe and reliable operation of the equipment.During long-term service,steel wire ropes are prone to damage such as broken wires,broken strands and corrosion.Among them,broken wires are an important hidden danger that leads to a decrease in load-bearing capacity and safety accidents.To achieve efficient online monitoring of broken wire defects,a method for identifying broken wires in crane wire ropes based on the magnetic flux leakage detection mechanism is proposed and verified on in-service equipment.Firstly,an approximate model of the magnetic dipole is established to reveal the quantitative relationship between the broken wire defect and the magnetic leakage signal,and the spatial distribution laws of the radial and axial components are analyzeed.Subsequently,a Hall/magnetoresistive sensor array detection system is designed,and the sensor layout,sampling frequency and signal processing flow are determined,including steps such as baseline removal,bandpass filtering,envelope analysis and peak feature extraction.The on-site experimental results show that this method can effectively identify single and multiple broken wires,with high detection sensitivity.The positioning error meets the engineering requirements,and both the false positive rate and false negative rate are within an acceptable range.Compared with traditional manual and local non-destructive testing methods,this research achieves online and real-time monitoring of broken wires in steel wire ropes,providing a theoretical basis and technical support for the health monitoring and intelligent operation and maintenance of crane steel wire ropes.关键词
钢丝绳/断丝检测/漏磁/磁偶极子/无损检测/在线监测Key words
steel wire rope/broken wire detection/magnetic flux leakage/magnetic dipole/non-destructive testing/online monitoring分类
矿业与冶金引用本文复制引用
黄凯..基于漏磁机理的起重机钢丝绳断丝检测[J].机电工程技术,2026,55(15):62-66,78,6.基金项目
福建省市场监督管理局科技项目(FJMS2023075) （FJMS2023075）
