中国农机化学报2026，Vol.47Issue(7)：15-24,10.DOI:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2026.07.003
制种玉米机械化收获影响因子研究
Study on the factors influencing mechanized harvesting of seed corn
摘要
Abstract
To find out how agronomic practices,seed varieties,and machine operations affect the mechanical harvesting quality of seed maize,trials were conducted at seed maize bases from 2021 to 2023.Different agronomic treatments and harvesters with various settings and speeds were tested.Harvest quality was also measured in fields with many double ears and barren ears.Results show that combining machinery with agronomic practices is key to improving harvest quality,and proper machine adjustment is critical.Graded seed planting reduced grain breakage and total loss by over 0.03%compared to mixed seed planting.Using a power harrow before harvesting lowered breakage by 0.01%compared to using a rotary tiller.A precision seeder gave a breakage rate of 0.45%.During harvest,setting the stalk roller gap to half the average stalk diameter and the snapping plate gap to two-thirds of the average ear diameter gave the highest breakage rates of 0.58%and 0.526%,respectively.At a harvest speed of 4 km/h,the highest breakage rate was 0.5%.For fields with high rates of double and barren ears,a segmented harvesting method is recommended.The research results provide a basis for the mechanized and standardized production of seed maize.关键词
制种玉米/收获机/破碎率/损失率/影响因子Key words
seed corn/harvester/crushing rate/loss rate/impact factor分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王林,赵武云,辛尚龙,孙一凡,杨龙,赵亮..制种玉米机械化收获影响因子研究[J].中国农机化学报,2026,47(7):15-24,10.基金项目
国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS—14-1-28) （CARS—14-1-28）
甘肃省重大专项(21ZD10NF003-4-01) （21ZD10NF003-4-01）
甘肃农业大学科研启动项目(GAU—KYQD—2020-15) （GAU—KYQD—2020-15）
