植物遗传资源学报2026，Vol.27Issue(8)：1525-1534,10.DOI:10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20260228001
525份胡麻种质资源表型遗传多样性分析及综合评价
Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of Phenotypic Genetic Diversity in 525 Linum usitatissimum L.Germplasm Resources
摘要
Abstract
To clarify the phenotypic variation of oil flax germplasm resources,we evaluated 525 domestic and foreign flax accessions via consecutive two-year field trials.A total of 7 qualitative traits and 17 quantitative traits were investigated for genetic diversity,correlation,principal component,and cluster analyses.The results showed that petal color exhibited the highest genetic diversity index(1.09)among qualitative traits,while stem base shape(0.35)and seed coat color(0.27)showed lower genetic diversity.For quantitative traits,seed weight per plant,number of fruits per plant,and 1000-seed weight presented high coefficients of variation(34.25％,23.93％,and 20.48％,respectively),indicating considerable improvement potential.By contrast,capsule diameter(3.37％),oil content(4.76％),and protein content(5.92％)had low variation coefficients and represented relatively conservative core traits.Correlation analysis revealed extremely significant positive correlations of 1000-seed weight and seed weight per plant with capsule diameter and oil content,whereas plant height and technical length were extremely significantly negatively correlated with these yield-related traits.Additionally,linolenic acid content was extremely significantly positively correlated with protein content and negatively correlated with oleic acid and stearic acid contents,and both plant height and technical length showed extremely significant positive correlations with protein content.All germplasm were classified into five clusters based on agronomic performance:Cluster Ⅰ(73 accessions)with superior comprehensive agronomic traits for oil-use breeding;Cluster Ⅱ(51 early-maturing,high-oil accessions)for high-oil variety development;Cluster Ⅲ(192 widely sourced and highly variable accessions)for fiber-oil dual-purpose breeding;Cluster Ⅳ(108 local germplasm)for gene mining;and Cluster Ⅴ(101 fiber-type accessions)for fiber flax breeding.Principal component analysis yielded five principal components with a cumulative contribution rate of 73.47％,mainly reflecting yield-and quality-related quantitative traits.Ten elite germplasm including 1962 ROW 210 were finally screened based on comprehensive F-values.This study provides a theoretical basis and technical support for efficient utilization of flax germplasm resources,parental selection,and targeted flax breeding.关键词
胡麻/种质资源/表型分析/综合评价Key words
Linum usitatissimum L./germplasm resources/phenotypic analysis/comprehensive evaluation引用本文复制引用
党照,张建平,王利民,齐燕妮,汪平..525份胡麻种质资源表型遗传多样性分析及综合评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2026,27(8):1525-1534,10.基金项目
国家特色油料产业技术体系(CARS-14-1-05) （CARS-14-1-05）
甘肃省现代寒旱特色农业油料产业技术体系(GSARS-09) （GSARS-09）
中央引导地方科技发展资金(25ZYJA002) （25ZYJA002）
国家自然科学基金(32360502)National Industrial Technology System of Characteristic Oil Crops(CARS-14-1-05) （32360502）
Gansu Modern Cold and Arid Characteristic Agricultural Oil Crop Industrial Technology System(GSARS-09) （GSARS-09）
Central Government Guides Local Science and Technology Development Fund(25ZYJA002) （25ZYJA002）
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32360502) （32360502）
