分析测试学报2026，Vol.45Issue(8)：1775-1784,10.DOI:10.12452/j.fxcsxb.26042303
从精准分离到仿生治疗:中性粒细胞来源囊泡的生物医学研究进展
From Precise Isolation to Biomimetic Therapy:Biomedical Advances in Neutrophil-derived Vesicles
摘要
Abstract
As core effector cells of innate immune system,neutrophils release extracellular vesicles(neutrophil-derived vesicles,NEVs)that hold great promise in intercellular communication,patho-logical mechanisms,and biomimetic drug delivery.However,the high heterogeneity of NEV popula-tions and their coexistence with neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs)pose significant challenges for precise isolation and functional characterization.This review systematically summarizes the latest ad-vances in high-precision separation and analysis technologies,ranging from classical differential cen-trifugation to emerging microfluidic chips,DNA nanostructures,and stimuli-responsive smart mate-rials.Furthermore,it elaborates on engineering strategies,such as direct loading and membrane biomimicry,that endow NEVs with multimodal functionalities including chemotherapy,immuno-modulation,and gene therapy.A comprehensive evaluation system for engineered NEVs is estab-lished,covering critical metrics like membrane marker retention and transmembrane migration capa-bility.Finally,the therapeutic applications of NEVs in tumors,inflammatory diseases,and tissue regeneration are summarized.The review also critically analyzes the current bottlenecks regarding standardized mass production,loading efficiency,and safety assessment,providing a forward-look-ing perspective on the transition from"passive isolation"to"active manufacturing"for next-genera-tion precision nanomedicine.关键词
中性粒细胞/细胞外囊泡/分离分析/微流控芯片/仿生纳米药物Key words
neutrophils/extracellular vesicles/isolation and analytical technology/microfluidics chip/biomimetic nanodrugs分类
化学化工引用本文复制引用
周思思,琚苗苗,骆乃宬,刘松琴..从精准分离到仿生治疗:中性粒细胞来源囊泡的生物医学研究进展[J].分析测试学报,2026,45(8):1775-1784,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(22304024,22374018) （22304024,22374018）
