甘蔗糖业2026，Vol.55Issue(4)：52-64,13.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-9695.2026.04.005
甘蔗新品种桂柳1541选育与品种特性研究
Breeding and Characterization of the New Sugarcane Variety Guiliu1541
摘要
Abstract
In response to the long-standing constraints in China's sugarcane industry,including stagnant per-unit yield,continuously rising production costs,and the arid,infertile conditions of dry-slope farmland,there is an urgent need to breed breakthrough new varieties that combine high yield,high sucrose content,drought tolerance,barren-soil tolerance,and comprehensive stress resistance.Conventional cross-breeding methods were employed in this study,using Qiantang4 as the female parent and Guiliu2 as the male parent for cross combination design.During the breeding process,the ideal plant-type selection technique was applied,and the frost and drought ecological climate stress in the northern sugarcane areas of Liuzhou,Guangxi,was utilized for line and strain screening of the hybrid progeny.In 2015,the elite strain Guiliu1541 was selected from the hybrid progeny,and in 2018 it was confirmed as a candidate variety.From 2019 to 2024,multi-site regional trials and productive demonstrations were conducted across Guangxi,Guangdong,and Yunnan.Multi-year regional trial results demonstrated that Guiliu1541 achieved an average yield of 105.05 t/hm2 for both newly planted and ratoon crops,with a sucrose content of 15.70％,representing a 15.60％yield increase over Guiliu05136 as the control while maintaining comparable sucrose content.This variety is a medium-early maturing,large-stalk type,characterized by high emergence and ratooning rates,strong tillering capacity,vigorous growth throughout the entire growth period,and excellent comprehensive agronomic traits.It exhibits moderate resistance to smut,high resistance to mosaic disease and pokkah boeng,strong drought tolerance,barren-soil tolerance,broad ecological adaptability,and low sensitivity to conventional herbicides.Chromosomal genetic composition analysis revealed that Guiliu 1541 possesses 22 chromosomes derived from Saccharum spontaneum(compared to only 5 in the control variety Xintaitang22),providing cytogenetic support for its strong stress resistance and wide adaptability.By 2025,the trial and demonstration area had exceeded 10 000 hm2 across national sugarcane regions.Guiliu1541 obtained National Non-major Crop Variety Registration in May 2026(GPD Sugarcane(2026)450002)and is suitable for promotion in central and southern Guangxi,Zhanjiang of Guangdong,Dehong of Yunnan,and other sugarcane regions with similar ecological conditions.It can be recommended as the preferred variety for dry-slope and barren lands,offering significant application value for breaking through the constraints of site conditions and promoting per-unit yield enhancement in the sugarcane industry.Its main defect is susceptibility to borer pests,necessitating strengthened borer control measures in production.关键词
甘蔗/新品种/桂柳1541/品种选育Key words
Sugarcane/New variety/Guiliu1541/Variety breeding分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
卢文祥,商贺阳,张清,张积森,张跃彬,梁芳梅,卢李威,刘志刚,苏俊波,蒋洪涛,邓祖湖..甘蔗新品种桂柳1541选育与品种特性研究[J].甘蔗糖业,2026,55(4):52-64,13.基金项目
广西科技重大专项"甘蔗种质创新及突破性甘蔗育种关键技术研究"(桂科AA22117003-2) （桂科AA22117003-2）
